NATURAL THEOLOGY. 11 



Stream cannot be said to be the cause or the author 

 of the effect, still less of the arrangement. Under- 

 standing and plan in the formation of the mill were 

 not the less necessary for any share which the water 

 has in grinding the corn ; yet is this share the same 

 as that which the watch would have contributed 

 to the production of the new watch, upon the sup- 

 position assumed in the last section. Therefore, 

 III. Though it be now no longer probable that 

 the individual watch which our observer had found 

 was made immediately by the hand of an artificer, 

 yet doth not this alteration in anywise affect the 

 inference, tliat an artificer had been originally em- 

 ployed and concerned in the production. The ar- 

 gument from design remains as it v/as. Marks of 

 design and contrivance are no more accounted for 

 now than they were before. In the same thing, 

 we may ask for the cause of difterent properties. 

 We may ask for the cause of the colour of a body, 

 of its hardness, of its heat ; and these causes may 

 be all different. We are now asking for the cause 

 of that subserviency to a use, that relation to an 

 end, which we have remarked in the watch before 

 us. No answer is given to this question, by telling 

 us that a preceding watch produced it. There 

 cannot be design without a designer ; contrivance, 

 without a contriver; order, without choice; ar- 

 rangement, without anything capable of arrang- 

 ing ; subserviency and relation to a purpose, with- 

 out that which could intend a purpose ; means suit- 

 able to an end. and executing their office in ac- 



