4'54? THE PHILOSOPHY 



temptj friendrhip from hatred, and many other emotions 

 which are expreiTed by human geftures and features. For 

 this reafon, the elephant is more ealily tamed by mildnefs 

 than by blows. 



' I have frequently remarked,' fays Edward Terry*, « that 

 ' the elephant performs many actions which feem to proceed 

 « more from reafon than from infl:in6l. He does every thing 

 « that his mafter commands. If he wants to terrify any per- 

 ' fon, he runs upon him with every appearance of fury, and, 



< when he comes near, ftops fliort, without doing the perfon 



< the fmalleft injury. When the mafter choofes to affront any 

 « man, he tells tlie elephant, who immediately colle^ls water 



< and mud with his trunk, and fquirts it upon the objeft 

 « pointed out to him. The Mogul keeps fome elephants 

 « who ferve as executioners to criminals condemned to death. 



< When the condu(Slor orders one of thefe animals to dif- 

 * patch the poor criminals quickly, he tears them to pieces in 



< a moment with his feet : But, if defired to torment them 



< flowly, he breaks their bones one after another, and makes 

 « them fufFer a punifhment as cruel as that of the wheel.' 



Next to the elephant, the dog feems to be the moft docile 

 quadruped. A wild dog is a paffionate, ferocious, and fan- 

 guinary animal. But, after he is reduced to a domeftic ftate, 

 thefe hoftile difpofitions are fupprefTed, and they are fuc- 

 ceeded by a warm attachment, and a perpetual deiire of 

 pleafing. The perceptions and natural talents of the dog are 

 acute. When thefe are aided by inftru6lion, the fagacity he 

 difcovers, and the actions he is taught to perform, often ex- 

 cite our vv'onder. Thofe animals which man has taken un- 

 der his immediate protection are taught to perform artificial 

 atftions, or have their natural inftincts improved, by three 

 modes of inftru6lion, punifltment, reward, and imitation* 

 More du(Slile in his nature than moft other animals, the dog 

 * Terry's Vo)'agc to the Eall Indies, page ijr 



