CHAP. XIII.] CLARKE AND SPINOZA. 191 



To eliminate q from (5) and (9), we have 



y*+(l-y)(l-y)-0; 



whence we find 



*(l-y)-0. (10) 



There now remain but the two equations (6) and (10), which, 

 on addition, give 



yz + 1 - y = 0. 



Eliminating from this equation z, we have 



l-2/ = 0, or, s/=l. (11) 



Eliminating from the same equation y, we have 



z = 0. (12) 



The interpretation of (1 1) is 



Something always was. 

 The interpretation of (12) is 



The things which are have not risen from nothing. 

 Next resuming the system (6), (7), with the two equations 

 (4), (5), let us determine the two equations involving p and q 

 respectively. 



To eliminate y we have from (4) and (6), 



whence (p + 1 - z) z = 0, or, pz = 0. (13) 



To eliminate z from (5) and (13), we have 



qz + pz = ; 

 whence we get, 



= 0. 



There remains then but the equation (7) } from which elimi- 

 nating q, we have = for the final equation, in p. 



Hence there is no conclusion derivable from the premises af- 

 firming the simple truth or falsehood of the proposition, " The 

 something which is exists in the necessity of its own nature" And as, 

 on eliminating p, there is the same result, = 0, for the ultimate 

 equation in q, it also follows, that there is no conclusion deducible 

 from the premises as to the simple truth or falsehood of the propo- 

 sition, " The something which is exists by the ivill of another Being ." 



