VI PREFACE 



measurements ol the living body, exclusive of the head and face, which 

 had been treated in 1906, and was published officially in foar languages, 

 French, German, Italian, and English, but the periodicals in which these 

 reports appeared were exclusively European, and the first American re- 

 printing was during the present year (1919), when the reports of both 

 Congresses appeared in our new Journal of Physical Anthropology, whose 

 serial date (Vol. II) suggests the previous years of neglect of this science 

 in our country. 



It was with a view to directing a broader American attention to this 

 vitally important branch of Anthropology that the present author, some- 

 time previous to 1912, drew up, based largel} 7 upon the prescription of 

 1906, a set of rules for the guidance of the laboratory student, principally 

 along the line of craniometry, and this manuscript was worked over by 

 his advanced students and himself, accompanying the actual measurement 

 of skulls. The appearance of the second set of rules, the prescription of 

 1912, enabled him to add the authoritative rules for the principal measure- 

 ments of the living body. Thus the work, tested in the laboratory by 

 practical application, assumed somewhere near its present form. 



The granting of a Sabbatical leave in 1913 by the Trustees of Smith 

 College enabled the author to visit several of the European laboratories, 

 where he had the opportunity of inspecting the practical anthropometric 

 work carried on by some of the leading investigators in this field. He 

 here takes this opportunity of expressing his sincere thanks to them all, 

 who, in the midst of a busy term, found time to demonstrate to him their 

 equipment and especially their personal technical methods by actual 

 measurements. These include Prof. Fabio Frassetto in Bologna, Prof. 

 Otto Schlaginhaufen, the pupil and successor of Prof. Rudolf Martin in 

 Zurich, and especially Prof. Eugen Fischer in Freiburg in Breisgau, in 

 whose anthropological laboratory he spent several weeks. 



In 1914 appeared the long-awaited book of Prof. Martin, the "Lehr- 

 buch der Anthropologie, " only a few months before the bursting of the 

 storm-cloud of a well-nigh universal World War, since which communica- 

 tion between the anthropologists of the two hemispheres became, for 

 four years, all but interrupted. At best, however, this exhaustive text- 

 book as it is large and expensive, and in the German language, is more or 

 less impractical for the average American student, and while of the great- 

 est value to specialists, it does not fill the needs of American Colleges and 

 Universities, at least so far as undergraduates are concerned. These 

 conditions caused the decision to publish the present volume, which has 

 again been thoroughly revised, and is now offered in a somewhat simplified 

 form. It consists primarily of the rules for measurements given in the 

 two prescriptions of 1906 and 1912, and adds for the convenience of the 

 student certain of the most useful indices. An enumeration of instru- 

 ments, as employed in various places, is given in the introduction, to- 

 gether with a much simplified account of the most generally used mathe- 



