OSTEOMETRY; THE MEASUREMENT OF THE BONES 



127 



these the trochanteric length (No. 3) and the total distance from the 

 head to the outer margin of the bone are taken, which is very similar to 

 our Measurement No. 10. The index can be readily calculated. The 

 measures are generally those of single femora; those marked * are 

 averages. 



The markedly greater length of the proximal epiphysis in the Neander- 

 tal species, as compared with recent man, is here clearly shown. With 

 a moderate trochanteric length the proximal breadth, that is, the length 

 of the axis of head and neck, is far greater than is f dund in any normal 

 femur of modern man. This is probably correlated in some way with the 

 massiveness of the head of the femur in the earlier species. 



Head index B; = Robusticity index of head (No. 7). This index should 

 show the large size of the head in femora of the Neandertal species, since 

 this peculiarity strikes the eye immediately, and is indicated by the 

 following list of measurements. Although these give the absolute, 

 instead of the physiological, length, the two differ but two or three 

 millimeters as a rule, and indices using this length instead of the one 

 recommended here, would show the contrast very decidedly. The figures, 

 mostly of single measurements, are as follows: 



In the figures marked 

 specified. 



there is but one diameter given, and that one is not 



