123 



and that power is just as strong over the unhitched horse as 

 the hitched one. 



In order to secure these results, you must first teach your 

 horse the meaning and use of the word whoa. This word 

 must never be used, except when you want your horse to stop, 

 or to stand, and tlien at fir^it, it must be enforced by some phy- 

 sical movement, that brings the animal promptly into the 

 brichen. If you keep up a continual wlioa! whoa! from the 

 time you connnence to liarness until the horse is hitched to the 

 carriage, you will not have any whoa when you need it. When 

 harnessing, always approach your horse fi-om the same direc- 

 tion, until he is well in hand, then you may approach him from 

 all directions. Put on the same piece of harness first, every 

 time, and then the other parts, in regular order, then there are 

 no surprises. He knows just what to expect, and is prepared 

 for it. Observe the same rule when hitching to the carriage. 

 Have a system about it. Hook the same tug or strap first, 

 every time, so that when the last strap is hooked, you know, 

 and your horse knows, they are all hitched, even if it is very 

 dark. Observe the same rule when unhitching from the car- 

 riage, or in removing the harness, standing him in the same 

 place and position as when you put the harness on. 



After you have your horse so trained that he thoroughly 

 understands the meaning of the word whoa, and its various 

 uses, so that he will stand when he hears it, under all circum- 

 stances, and especially without hitching, you are all right. 

 The late Col. Coleman, of Newburyport, used to say, it was 

 easier to teach a sensible horse to stand without hitching, than 

 it was to teach him to stand with the tie-rein, and much more 

 safe ; for if your horse breaks the tie-rein, by accident or 

 otherwise, he is sure to run, because he is alarmed at what he 

 has done, and after he has run once, there is no tie-rein that 

 will hold him, under the same provocation. 



In teaching your horse to go, and to go when you want him 

 to, and where you want him to, you must teach him the art. 



