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iiothiug- to its power to support human life. A bushel of wheat will 

 bring more money in Liverpool than in Illmois where it gi-ows, but 

 it will not feed the laborer one moment longer in one place than in 

 the other. The amount of transportation and the cost of transpor- 

 tation sh®uld be reduced to their minimum. And it is time that we 

 should stop reckoning the profits of transportation as additions to 

 the wealth of the country when they are simply tolls leveled upon 

 the consumtr. The less of them the better. 



"W^hen agriculture and manufactures of every kind go hand in hand, 

 the labois of both classes wiU be most perfectly utihzed. There 

 \vi]l still be a vast field for commerce in transporting fi'om land to 

 land and place to place those products which cannot possibly be 

 supplied upon any one spot. Do what we wiU, New England must 

 depend iipon commerce for some of the necessities and many of the 

 luxuries of life. She must import her coal, her teas and tropical 

 fruits, her mills must be supplied with cotton from a more genial 

 clime. The same may be said of every civilized countiy in the 

 world, it must seek beyond its own limits for the products peculiar 

 to other lands. But every country is false to itself when it heed- 

 lessly becomes dependent ui:)on foreign nations that maj any day 

 become hostile. And above all other nations in the world, would it 

 be folly for us to pursue such a course as to leave ns dependent upon 

 any foreign nation for a single substance, be it raw material or man- 

 facture, that is needful to lis for the "fullest and most vigorous 

 national life. 



Not only does utilization of labor demand intelligence to direct, 

 that every blow may be struck to the best advantage, but it 

 demands virtue in the individual and the greatest simphcity and 

 freedom in our government. Every jail, every prison, and alms- 

 house, is a draft upon the honest labor of the community. The 

 criminals and all who are needed for their keeping are so many 

 transformed from producers to consumers. Every vagabond must 

 live. Every thief, and every lounger, every one who lives by vice 

 or by pandering to vice, makes more hours of labor and harder toil 

 a necessity for every man who lives by honest labor. Honest 

 laborers must not only produce enough for themselves but they 

 must support the -vile. "When virtue has so far prevailed, that all 

 men wo)-k with hand or head, labor will be lightened and the hours 

 . may well be shortened. 



The curse of Avar is another great consumer. Destroying every- 

 thing in its pathway — producing nothing, and yet when invoked for 



