27 



The Jerseys, like the Ayrshires, are, as a breed, under the average 

 size. The cause and remedy for this have abeady been suggested- 



The Guernseys are somewhat larger and coarser, but closely re- 

 semble the Jerseys in their essential features. 



The Brittannies are a breed of small black and white cattle, re- 

 cently introduced by Hon. Charles L. Fhnt, and which appear to 

 unite in a singular manner many of the best quahties of the larger 

 breeds. The symmetry of the Short Horn, the milking qualities of 

 the Ayrshire, the gentleness and capacity for butter-making of the 

 Jersey, arc all presented in such a condensed form, that Empress, at 

 three years old, in high condition and with calf, weighed only foui- 

 himdred pounds. This dwarf habit will, however, probably disap- 

 pear under favorable conditions of food and shelter. The bull Up- 

 ton, (a son of Empress,) presented to the Agricultural College by 

 W. Knowlton, Esq., is now six' months old, and weigh 384 pounds 

 only in good condition. He is a perfect model of symmetry and 

 courage. 



In striking contrast with the Httle Brittainies, are the Holsteins, 

 a breed of large black and white cattle imported by Winthrop W. 

 Chenery, Esq., of Belmont, and since by other parties. The inhab- 

 itants of North Holland and the adjacent provinces have long been 

 famous for the possession of a superior race of Short Horned 

 milking cattle, which it is claimed originated in the duchy of 

 Holstein ; and Dutch energy and perseverance have been success- 

 fully exerted to fix and increase their valuable properties. These 

 properties are precisely what we should expect as the result of 

 judgment and experience in breeding, and care and skill in manag- 

 ing, combined with the most favorable conditions of soil and cU- 

 mate, viz : large size, symmetry second only to the best improved 

 Short Horns, an extraordinary capacity for milk, and a proportionate 

 aptitude to lay on flesh when dry. The milk of the Holsteins is 

 rich in casein, albumen, and sugar ; it also contains a full average 

 per centage of butter ; but it is lacking in the tendency to separa- 

 tion which, in twelve hours converts Jersey milk into cream and blue 

 water. 



It is objected that they are ill suited to our chmate and condi- 

 tions : and truly, the Texlaars, Lady Midwoulds, and Maids of 

 Opperdoes, are not precisely fitted to pick their hving on a barren 

 hill side, or to stand the winter without other food or shelter than 

 V stack of bog hay. But the drift of pubhc sentiment is so 

 strongly in favor of liberality and attention to the wants of 



