APPENDIX 



ON THE SCIENTIFIC MANAGEMENT OF FORESTS 



On my taking furlough in Europe, after seven years' employment 



in India, I received permission from the India Office, on the Visit to Ger- 



. man State 



recommendation of Dr. Brandis, to go through a course of forests. 



instruction in Hanover. Having spent some time there, receiving 



lectures and practical instruction, I had the good fortune to 



accompany the Inspector-General on his annual tour of inspection 



through the Harz mountains. We drove in a carriage and pair The Harz. 



for miles by smooth roads, which wound upwards among endless 



groves of pines,* in squares of different ages, standing as close 



together as they could stick, all planted in rows. Every row was 



as straight as a line, vistas running forwards in endless perspective, 



left and right, as far as the eye could reach. What a revelation 



to one direct from the Himalayas, where no two trees are of the 



same kind or the same age, and all are located by chance, as 



Nature sowed them. This was the Harz forest, the birthplace of 



forest lore. 



The country was divided like a chess-board into revier Hochwaid-be- 



(districts), each under its separate officer and management. A wood culture.' 



district is roughly i ,coo morgen, or acres. The rotation prescribed 



for trees like spruce is loo years. The district is divided into ten 



stripes, or squares, corresponding to each decade of the century, 



during which period the proper square or stripe, where the oldest 



mature trees are, is felled and disposed of, and the ico acres 



involved are replanted in rows, each row and each tree 3 feet 



apart. There are nurseries for seedlings, whence the planting 



out is done. The decade is again subdivided, so that 10 acres 



* Fichten and Tamten. The abies and picea of Europe, spruce and silver 

 fir, which make white deal, corresponding with Aines Smithiana and Picea 

 Webbiana of India. 



