-15 



***Sambucus canadensis, common elder. 



***Sambums pzihcns, paniclcd elder. 



Shepherdia canadensis, shepherdia. 

 **Syinphoricarpos racemosus, snow- 

 berrj'. 



***Vaccininm ccespitosum, dwarf bil- 

 berry. 



***Vaccinium. corymbosum, high-l)usli 

 blueberry. 



***Vaccinium pennsylvanicum, low-bush 

 blueberry; and doubtless other 



species, including V. vitisidoea, cow- 

 berry. 



**Viburnum alnifolium, hobble bush. 



**Viburnum dentatum, arrow- wood. 



**Viburnu7n lentago, sheepberry. 



**Viburnum nudum, withe-rod. 



**Viburnum opulus, high-bush cran- 

 berry. 



**Vihurnum prunifolium, black haw; 

 and doubtless V. acerifolium, V. 

 cassinoides, and other species. 



Vines. 



**Parthenocissus quinquefolia, Virginia 

 creeper. 

 Arctostaphylos uva-ursi, bearberry. 

 Celastrus scandens, false bittersweet. 

 Menispermum canadcnse, moonseed. 

 Mitchella repens, partridge berry. 

 Vaccinium macrocarpon, cranberry. 



Vaccinium oxy coccus, dwarf cran- 

 berry. 

 *Smilax rotundifolia, bull brier. 

 **Vitis cordifolia, frost grape. 

 **Vitis labrusca, fox grape. 

 **Vitis vulpina, frost grape. 



Herbaceous Plants. 



**AraIia nudicaulis, sarsaparilla. 



Fagopyrum esculentum, buckwheat. 

 **Fragaria virginiana, strawberry. 



Gaultheria procumbens, checkerberry. 



Helianthus annuus, sunflower. 

 ** Phytolacca decandra, poke berry. 

 Smilacina racemosa, false spikenard. 

 Solanum nigrum, nightshade. 



It should be noted that the poison ivy and the poison sumac 

 are undesirable for indiscriminate planting, and that the bar- 

 berry', although generally regarded as a native, is, as Mr. Ken- 

 nard remarks, an introduced species. 



The first deciduous tree on the above list, the ash-leaved 

 maple or box elder, is noteworthy as a favorite of the evening 

 grosbeak while wintering here, and it seems probable that since 

 this beautiful bird has become a winter resident here in recent 

 years it might be induced to come and remain in larger num- 

 bers if many of these trees were planted. 



The American beech, while not very attractive to small birds, 

 furnishes in its fruit a supply of food in autumn for ducks and 

 grouse. The oaks, which supply much insect food for many 

 birds, also furnish food in the form of acorns for ducks, grouse, 

 jays and crows. The hornbeam probably is more important 

 than Mr. Kennard's marking indicates. Among the birds that 

 feed on its seeds are the cardinal grosbeak and the ruffed 

 grouse. My own experience goes to show that Cornus alterni- 

 folia is most important among the cornels. The Virginia 



