8 



How ENFORCED. 



And, lastly, it must have teeth. A compulsory law will soon 

 fall into disuse and disfavor if adequate penalties are not pro- 

 vided and action is not brought against violators promptly and 

 carried through to completion. 



Under our New York law it seems almost impossible for us 

 to get prompt action. By that I mean it is impossible to get 

 the defendant into court before several months or a year after 

 the violation. I know that the effect would be much better if 

 we could reduce the time to ten days or two weeks. However, 

 even with this delay and a comparatively few men inspecting 

 for the enforcement of the law, a great change has been made. 



In looking over the New York markets to-day we find but 

 few shipments in which the packer has not tried to obey the 

 law. This is also true in shipments from those other States 

 that have compulsory grading laws. 



In New York we employ from four to twelve men from Sep- 

 tember to May on this work, largely making the inspections at 

 shipping points, storage houses and the large city markets. 

 From two to four men are kept busy in New York City, and 

 the fruit is largely inspected there when unloaded from car to 

 boat. This is comparatively easy as 95 per cent or more of 

 the New York apples going to New York City arrive there at 

 two railroad stations and three Hudson River steamboat docks; 

 probably two-thirds of the New York apples that go to New 

 York Citv are unloaded at Pier 17, North River. 



This year up to January 15, 2, .300 inspections have been 

 made, 40 cases have been referred as violations, and 213 people 

 have violated the law in some minor manner, which has been 

 taken up with the violator by correspondence. 



I have spoken of western box apple competition, and you 

 should realize that this year in particular it has made great 

 inroads upon the barreled apple trade. As seen on our markets, 

 they excel our apples in color, finish and uniformity of both 

 size and grade in the package. Those are their selling points. 



Eastern barreled apples have a reputation for better flavor, 

 texture and keeping quality than the western boxed fruit. Is 

 there any reason why we cannot equal the West on uniformity 



