. . 
| 
54. ZAMENIS. 395 
14. Zamenis gemonensis. 
Natrix gemonensis, Laur. Syn. Rept. p. 76 (1768). 
Coluber capi, Zan, Iwan, Voy. en Russie, i EM bth De 317, pl. xxi. (1769). 
5 
yt a 86 (17 estes vi, p. 292 
a ieatnaag Faun, , Rept. 1826) ; Bonap. 
aun. Ital, (1833) ; Schleg. ’ Phys. 5 Bip i ii. . iv. 
figs. 11 & 12 (1837); De Betta, Erp. Veron, p. 203 (1857). 
—— vulgaris, Bonnat. "Encyel. Méth., Ophiol. p. 28 (1790). 
—— communis, Donnd. Zool. Beitr. iii. p. 208 (1798). 
—— sardus, Suckow, Anfangsgr. d. Naturg. iii. Sage (1798). 
—_— luteostriatus,@mel. Der Naturf. xxviii. 17 0 pL iii. fig. 2. 
—— jugularis, Georgi, Beschr. Russ, R. iii. p. 1882 
—— petalarius, itd ce. p. 1883. 
—— atrovirens, Shaw, Zool. iii. p. 449 (1802); Metara, Mon. Serp. 
rcpt 0A 
ud. op. cit. viii. gt ath ih 
Tidieey ok Soc. Linn. Bord. xii. 1a, p- 59, 
—— trabalis, Pall. Zoogr. Ross.-As. iii. p. 42 Cais Rathke, Mém. 
Sav. Etr, Ac, St.~Pétersb. iii. 1887, p. 308, pl. i. fig. 8; Nordm. in 
Demidoff, Voy. Russ. Mér. iii. p. 844, Rept. pl. v. (1840). 
—— glaucoides, Millet, Faune de Maine et Loire, i. p. xvi (1828). 
—— acontistes, Pall. J. c. p. 43. 
—— thermalis, Pall. 1. c. p. 44. 
—— erythrogaster, Fisch. de Waldh. Bull. Soc. Nat. Mose. iv. 1832, 
574. 
Bothrio his erythrogaster, Eichw. Reise Kasp. Meer. i. pt. 2, p. 748 
er es var. carbonarius, ve Mem, Ace. Tor, (2) ii. 
Zamenis MN inlifincoe Dum. = Bibr. se 5 008 (1854); Viaud- 
Grandmarais, Et. Serp. Ve 16 (1868); Fatio, Vert. Suisse, 
iii. p. 185 3 cab De Bete | ‘aun. Ital., Relt, Anf. p. 41 (1874) 
Schreib. Eur. p 267 (1875) ; Jan, Icon, Gén. 48, p 
figs. 4-7 (ist6) Tobeets, Herp. Gir. p. 158 (1876) ; Taye ABA. 
Senck. Ges. xiii. 1883, p. 180; R. Martin, Bull. Soc. N Oucet 
France, ii. 1892, p. 149. 
—— trabalis, Dum. & Bibr. t. ¢. p- 689; Strauch, Schl. Russ. R. 
p- 116 (1878). 
—— atrovirens, Giinth. Cat. p. 101 (1858). 
eee, Cope, Proc. Ac. Philad. 1862, p. 338. 
ie anthicum, Cope, l. c. 
Zamenis caspicus, Jan, op. = 23, pl. i. (1867). 
—— gemonensis, Schreib. 1. c. p. 272; Bedri Bull. Soc. Nat. 
Mose. ivi. 1882, p. 293; Boettg. Siteb. Ak. Berl, 1888, p. 178; 
Camerano, Mon. . Ital., emma 41 (1891). 
—— caspius, Blanf. Zool. E. Pers » 7 (1876). 
—— viridiflavus, vars. asiana et carbonaria, Boettg. Ber. Senck. Ges. 
1879-80, p. 151. 
Snout moderately prominent, obtuse. Rostral a little broader 
than deep, the — visible from above measuring one fourth to 
two fifths its distance from the frontal; internasals as long as or 
shorter than the prefrontals; frontal not or but little broader than 
the supraocular, once and two thirds to twice as long as broad, as 
