171, PSAMMOPHIS. 169 
15. Psammophis crucifer. 
Seba, Thes. ii. pl. liii. fig. 2, & evii. fig. 4 (1735); Merr. Beytr. i. 
P. 18, pl. iii. (1790). 
Coluber sibilans, part., Linn. 8. N. i. p. 883 (1766). 
— crucifer, Daud. Rept. vii. p. 189 (1803). 
Psammophis crucifer, Bote, Isis, 1827, pp. 525, 547; Dum. § Bibr. 
vii. p. 892 (1854); Giinth. Cat. p. 185 (1858) ; Jan, Icon. Gén. 
34, pl. iv. fig. 3 (1870) ; Bouleng. Proc. Zool. Soc. 1895, p. 539. 
—— moniliger, part., Schleg. Phys. Serp. ii. p. 209, pl. viii. figs. 6 
& 7 (1837). ‘ 
Snout once and a half as long as the eye. Rostral a little 
broader than deep, visible from above ; nostril between two shields ; 
internasals shorter than the prefrontals; frontal twice to twice and 
a half as long as broad, as broad as or a little narrower than the 
supraocular, much longer than its distance from the end of the 
snout, as long as the parietals ; loreal about once and a half as long 
as deep; one preocular, not reaching the frontal; two postoculars ; 
temporals 2+ 2 or 3; eight (rarely seven) upper labials, fourth and 
fifth (or third and fourth) entering the eye; four lower labials in 
contact with the anterior chin-shields, which are as long as or 
shorter than the posterior. Scales in 15 rows. Ventrals 136- 
155; anal divided; subcaudals 62-81. Pale olive or brownish 
above, with a black-edged dark vertebral band, three scales wide, 
which extends to the head, giving off one or two transverse bars on 
the nape, and enclosing a light spot or streak on the suture between 
the parietal shields; sides of head with large dark blotches, the 
pre- and postoculars yellowish; a more or less distinct dark band 
along each side of the body, with a white streak below it on the 
lower half of the outer row of scales and the outer ends of the 
ventrals; lower parts yellow or orange, uniform or finely speckled 
with blackish, with a dark streak or series of small spots on each 
side, 
Total length 640 millim. ; tail 160. 
South. Africa. 
a. 9 (V. 150; C. 73). ~ Simon’s Bay. H.M.S. ‘Challenger.’ 
b-c. Sf (V. 148, 148; Port Elizabeth. H. A. Spencer, Esq. 
C. 81, 70). (P24. 
d. Hgr. (V. 151; C. 80). ' Namaqualand. 
ef. 2 (V. 144; C. 74) & Matabeleland. C. Beddington, Esq. 
yg. (V. 148; C. 73). Ea 
g. 2 (V. 145; C. 66). S. Africa. Haslar Collection. 
h. 2 (V. 155; C. 78). S. Africa. 
_ 16. Psammophis pulcher. 
Pesraspophig pulcher, Bouleng. Proc. Zool. Soc. 1895, p. 537, pl. xxx. 
ig. 8. 
Snout once and two thirds as long as the eye. Rostral broader 
than deep, visible from above ; nostril between two shields ; inter- 
nasals much shorter than the prefrontals; frontal twice and a half 
as long as broad, a little narrower than the supraocular, longer 
