194. RHINOCALAMUS.—195, XENOCALAMUS. 247 
194. RHINOCALAMUS. 
Rhinocalamus, Giinth. Ann. § Mag. N. H. (6) i. 1888, p. 322. 
Maxillary very short, with four teeth gradually increasing in size 
and followed, after an interspace, by a pair of large grooved fangs 
situated below the eye; anterior mandibular teeth slightly enlarged ; 
palate toothless. Head small, not distinct from neck; snout much 
depressed and very prominent; rostral very large, with obtuse 
horizontal edge, concave below; eye minute, with round pupil; 
nostril in a semidivided nasal; no loreal; no preocular; no anterior 
temporal. Body cylindrical; scales smooth, without pits, in 
17 rows; ventrals rounded. Tail very short, obtuse; subcaudals 
in two rows. 
East Africa. 
1. Rhinocalamus dimidiatus. 
Rhinocalamus dimidiatus, Giinth, J. c. pl. xix. fig. C. 
Rostral very large, capping the end of the snout, the portion 
visible from above longer than its distance from the frontal; inter- 
nasals more than twice as broad as long, shorter than the pre- 
frontals; frontal large, a little longer than broad, as long as or a 
little longer than its distance from the end of the snout, as long as 
or a little shorter than the parietals; supraocular very small; a 
minute postocular; a single temporal; six upper labials, third in 
contact with the nasal and the prefrontal, third and fourth entering 
the eye, fifth largest and in contact with the parietals ; four lower 
labials in contact with the anterior chin-shields, fourth very large 
and narrowly separated from its fellow by the posterior chin-shields. 
Scales in 17 rows. Ventrals 192-215; anal divided; subcaudals 
20-27. Black above; upper lip, three lower rows of scales, and 
lower parts white. 
Total length 470 millim. ; tail 30. 
Interior of East Africa. 
a-c. o (V. 202,195,192; C. 26, 26, 27). Mpwapwa. (Types.) 
d-e. o (V. 207; C. 25) & Q (V. 215; Ugogo. Mr. Baxter [C.]. 
C. 20). 7 
195. XENOCALAMUS. 
Xenocalamus, Giinth. Ann. & Mag. N. H. (4) i. 1868, p. 414, and 
(6) xv. 1895, p. 526. 
Maxillary very short, with five teeth gradually increasing in size 
and followed, after an interspace, by a pair of larger grooved fangs 
situated below the eye; anterior mandibular teeth a little larger 
than the posterior; palate toothless. Head small, not distinct 
from neck; snout much depressed, very prominent, pointed ; rostral 
very large, with obtuse horizontal edge, flat below; eye minute, 
with round pupil; nostril between two nasals, the posterior very 
large; no loreal; prefrontals absent (fused with the frontal); no 
