476 VIPERID®. 
o-p. d (V.1384; C.31) Wernensky Ujesd, St. Petersburg Mus. 
& 9 (V.141; 0.27). Varnoe, E. Turk- —[E.]. 
estan. 
gr. d (V.183,188; C. Kuldja, E. Turkes- St. Petersburg Mus. 
34, 32), tan. (E.). 
3. Vipera berus. 
Coluber berus, Linn. Fawn, Suec. p. 104 (1761), and 8. N. i. p. 377 
(1766) ; Laur. Syn. Rept. p. 97, pl. ii. fig. 1 (1768) ; Van Lier, 
Verh. Schl. Add. Drenthe, p. 84, pl. ii. (1781); Reider §& Hahn, 
Faun. Boica, iii. (1832); Collett, Vidensk. Selsk. Forh. Christ. 
1878, no. 3, p. 4. 
— chersea, Linn. Il. cc. pp: 103, 377; Wolf, in Sturm, Deutschl. 
Faun. iii. H, 3 (1802) & H. 4 (1805), 
— wget Linn, ll. ce. pp. 104, 877; Wolf, l.c. H. 4; Reider § 
Hahn, 1. ¢. : 
vipera, Laur. 1. c. p. 98, pl. iv. fig. 1. 
—— aaa: Pail, Reike, i, > 460 Car. 
—— scytha, Pall. op. cit. ii. Bf 17 (1773). 
—--aspis, Miill. Zool. Dan. Prodr. p. 36 (1776). 
Vipera prester, Latr. Rept. iii. p. 8309 (1802) ; Daud. Rept. vi. p. 161 
(1803): Linck, Voigt’s Mag. Nat. xii. 1806, p. 295. 
—— melanis, Latr. t. c. p. 311; Daud. t. e. p. 191. 
—— schyta, Latr. t. c. p. 312; Daud. t. ec. p. 150. 
—— berus, Daud. t. c. p. 89, pl. lxxii. fig. 1; Linck, l. ¢. p. 291 
pl. v. figs. 1 & 2; Meisner, Mus. Nat. Helv. p. 89, pl. i. fig. 1 
(1820); Brandt § Ratzeb. Med. Zool, i. p. 171, pl. xx. (1829) ; 
Schleg. Phys. Serp. ii. p. 591, pl. xxi. age. 4 & 15 (1887); Berth. 
in Wagn. Reise n. Kolchis, p. 335 (1850) ; Viaud-Grandm. Serp. 
Vend. p. 37 (1867); Jan, Icon. Gén. 45, pl. ii. (1874); Ninni, 
Atti Soc. Ital. Sc. Nat, xxii. 1879, 175; Leydig, Abh. Senck. 
Ges. xiii. 1883, p. 187 ; F. Miill. Verh. Nat. Ges. Basel, vii. 1884, 
. 800, & 1885, p. 695; Bouleng. The Zool. 1885, p. 373; Notthaft, 
ol, Anz. 1886, p. 450; Blum, Abh. Senck. Ges. xv. 1888, p. 128; 
Meyer § Helm, Taktosk Ornith. Beob. Sachsen, vi. 1892, p. 55; 
Bouleng. The Zool. 1892, p. 87; Méthely, Beitr. Mon. Kronstadt, 
Herp. p. 37 (1892); Bedriaga, CR. Congr. Int. Zool. 1892, i. 
p- 240 ; Diirigen, Deutschl. Amph. u. Rept. p. 337, pl. ix. (1894); 
Nobre, Ann. Sc. Porto, i. 1894, p. 123; Bouleng. Zool, 1895, 
. 60; Bedriaga, Ann. Sc. Porto, ii, 1895, p. 114; Méhely, Math. 
erm. Kézl. Budapest, xxvi. 1895, p. 4, pls. i. & ii. 
Coluber ceruleus, Sheppard, Trans. Linn. Soe. vii. 1804, p. 56. 
Vipera cherseea, Linck, 1. c. p. 294. 
—— communis, Leach, Zool. Miscell. iii. p. 7, pl. exxiv. (1817). 
Pelias berus, Merr. Tent. p. 148 (1820); Frivaldsky, Mon. Serp., 
Hung. p. 35 (1823) ; Bonap. Icon. Faun. Ital., Anf. (1885); Bell, 
Brit. t. Pp 58, figs. (1839) ; Steenstr. Nat. Tidsskr. Copenh. 
ii. 1839, P. 2; Gray, Cat. p. 31 (1849); Dum. & Bibr. vii. 
. 1395, pl. lxxixd. fig. 2 (1854); De Betta, Erp. Venet. p. 229 
(i857) ; Cook, Our Rept. p. 66, pl. v. (1865) ; Blanche, Bub, Soe. 
Amis Se. Nat. Rouen, i. 1865, p. 109; Fatio, Vert. Suisse, iii. 
p. 210 (1872); De Betta, Faun, Ital., Rett. Anf. p. 53 (1874) ; 
Schreib, Herp, Eur. p. 202 (1875); Lessona, Atti Ace, Torin. xiv. 
1879, p. 748; De Betta, Atti Ist. Ven. (5) vi. 1880, p. 861; Dalla 
Torre, Progr. Gymn, Innsbr, 1891, p. 7. 
be x . 
a= 
a a 
