3. VIPERA. 485 
blackish speckled with white; end of tail usually yellow or with 
yellow spots. 
Total length: ¢ 550 millim.; tail 85. 92 610; 80. 
Spain and Portugal, Morocco and Algeria North of the Atlas, 
a-b, c-d. § (144; C.42), Serrade Gerez, Portugal. Dr, H. Gadow [C.]. 
2 (VY. 147; C. 34), 
yg.d (V. 142; C. 41), 
& yg. 2 (V. 141; 
C. 30). 
e. d (V. 146; C.40). Serra de Gerez. Dr. Lopez Vieira [P. }. 
~g. d (V. 129; C. 42) Coimbra. Dr. Lopez Vieira | P. |. 
& 92 (V. 188; C.?). 
h-t. d (V.181; 0. 43) Seville. Prof, Calderon [E}. 
& 2 (V.?; C. 35). 
k. 9 (V. 185; ©. 35). Costo del Rey, Anda- H.R.H. Comte de 
lusia. Paris [P.]. 
l-m. Yg. 3 (V. 188, Andalusia. Zoological Society. 
133; C. 38, 42). 
nm. 3d (V. 125; 0.35). Nr. Tangier. M. H. Vaucher [C.]}. 
vo. 2 (V. 185; C. 32). Mt. Edough, nr. Bona, M. F. Lataste [¥.]. 
Algeria. 
p. Yg.d (V.138; C. 42). Mt. Kdough. Dr. F. Miiller [E.). 
g. do (V. 128; C. 38). P 
6. Vipera ammodytes. 
Coluber ammodytes, Linn. Amen, Acad. i. p. 506, pl. xii. fig. 2 
(1749), and S. N. i. p. 876 (1766); Wolf, in Sturm, Deutschl. 
Faun. iii. H. 2 (1799) ; Reider §& Hahn, Faun. Boica, iii, (1882). 
Vipera illyrica, Laur. Syn. Rept. p. 101 (1768). 
—— ammodytes, Latr. Rept. iii. p. 306 (1802); Daud. Rept. vi. 
p- 193, pl. Ixxiv. fig. 2 (1803); Lenz, Schlangenk. p. 403 (1882) ; 
Bibr. § Bory, Expéd. Se. Morée, iii. Rept. p. 74, pl. xii. fig. 3 
(1833) ; Bonap. Icon. Faun. Ital., Anf. (1334); Dum. & Bibr. vii. 
p. 1414, pl. lxxviii. d. tig. 1 (1854); De Betta, Erp. Venet. p. 253 
(1857), and Atti Ist. Ven, (8) xii. 1868, p. 943; Strauch, Syn. 
Viper. p. 66 (1869), and Schl. Russ. R. p. 214 (1873) ; Jan, Icon, 
Gén. 45, pl. iil. fig. 1 (1874); De Betta, Faun. Ital., Rett. Anf. 
p- 56 (1874), and Atti Ist. Ven. (5) v. 1879, p. 589; Bedriaga, 
Bull. Soc. Nat. Mosc. \vi. 1881, p. 822; Tournev. Bull. Soe. Zool. 
France, 1881, p. 65; Leydig, Abh. Senck. Ges. xiii. 1883, p. 196; 
Boettg. Sitzb. Ak. Bert. 1888, p. 179; Camerano, Mon. Ofid. Ital., 
Viper. p. 46 (1888) ; Parona, Atti Ist. Ven, (6) vi. 1888, p. 1165 ; 
Dalla Torre, Progr. Gymn. Innsbr. 1891, p. 13; Bedriaga, CR. 
Congr. Int. Zool. 1892, i. p. 289; Werner, Zool. Anz. 1893, p. 424; 
Tomasini, Wiss. Mitth. Bosn. Herzeg. ii. p. 638 (1894). 
Echidna ammodytes, F’rivaldsky, Mon. Serp. Hung. p. 83 (1823). 
Cobra ammodytes, Fitzing. N. Class. Rept. p. 62 (1826). 
Vipera ammodytes, part., Schleg. Phys. Serp. ii. p. 602 (1887) ; Gray, 
Cat. p. 81 (1849); Schreib. Herp. Eur. p. 187 (1875); De Betta, 
Atti Ist. Ven. (5) vi. 1880, p. 386. 
Rhinechis ammodytes, Fitzing. Gesch. Menag. Gisterr. Hof. p. — 
(1855). / 
Snout produced into an erect, horn-like dermal appendage covered 
