3. VIPBRA. ' 489 
spots; end of tail yellow. All the markings sometimes very 
indistinct. ‘ 
Total length: ¢ 960 millim. ; tail 120. 9 1350; 170. 
This species may be divided into several ill-defined varieties, the 
two extremes being the var. wanthina, Gray, from Asia Minor and 
Syria, and the var. deserti, Anders., from the confines of the Tunisian 
Sahara—the former characterized by an obtusely pointed snout 
covered with strongly keeled scales, the latter with a very short and 
broad snout without canthus and covered with smooth scales. Certain 
specimens approach the var. hugyi of V. aspis, and the species 
is to a certain extent connected with V. russellii through the var. 
xanthina. 
Morocco, Algeria, Tunisia, Egypt(?), Syria, Cyprus, Greek 
Archipelago, Asia Minor, Transcaspia, Persia, Mesopotamia, Afghan- 
istan, Baluchistan, Cashmir. 
a. e 7 Ng 27; V. 157; Oran, Algeria. M. Doumergue [E. ]. 
48). 
b, ¢. S (Sc. 25; V.156; Algeria, 
©. 43) & Q (Se. 25 ; 
V. 157; C. 38). 
d. 3 (Sc. 27; V. 167; Duirat, S. Tunisia. Dr. J. Anderson [P.], 
C.51). ; (Type of var. desertz.) 
é. g Ae 25; V. 154; Cyprus. Gen. Biddulph [P.]. 
43). 
F-9; par @ (Sc. 25; V. Cyprus. Lord Lilford [P.], 
“56, ise, 158 ; C. 43, 
43, 39) & yg. (Se. vie 
nf ani 147; C. 
1. 9 (s {Se 965 V. a, Galilee. Canon Tristram [C.]. 
44), 
m,n. 3 (Sc. 25; V.160, Plain of Acre and Canon Tristram [C.}. 
157; C. 40, 41). Tiberias, 
o. @ (Se. 25; V. 152; Xanthus, Asia Minor. Sir C. Fellows [P.}. 
C. 31). (Type of V. xanthina,) 
p. Her. 2 (Se. 23; V. Budrum, Ruins of H.MS. ‘Supply.’ 
158; C. 34). Halicarnassus. 
q. — (Se. 23; V.162; Smyrna. 
r. Xe, {se 23; V.152; Asia Minor. A.C.Christy,Esq,[ P.]. 
Ong (Type of V. xanthina.) 
t. 2 "Se. 25; V.172; Nuhar, Transcaspia, Dr. Radde [C.}. 
6, 44) & PL (Sc. 25; 
V.163; C. 49). 
u. d (Sc. 25; V. 177; Teheran Hills, 
C. 50). 
,w. 2 (Sc. 25; V.173, Persia. 
180; C. 46,47). . 
x. Head and neck of Sang Hadji. Dr, Aitchison [C.]; 
adult, Afghan Boundary 
Commission, 
y. Head and neck of Shoré Kaltegai. Dr. Aitchison [C.]; 
adult. Afghan Boundary 
Commission. 
