500 VIPERIDZ. 
a 37; V. 181; W. Africa. Zoological Society. 
e. Xe. e. 88; V.125;  W. Africa. 
. 18). 
f. Ad., stffd. W. Africa, Zoological Society. 
gy: pe Q (8c. 41; V. Ushambola, Zanzi- Sir J. Kirk [C.]. 
189; C. 23). bar. 
h. Skeleton of I. 
8. Bitis nasicornis. 
Coluber nasicornis, Shaw, Nat. Miscell. iii. pl. xciv., and Zool. iii- 
p- 397, pl. civ. (1802). 
Vipera nasicornis, Daud. e Vili. p. 322 (1808); Reinh. Vidensk. 
isk. Skrift, x. 1848, p. 278, pl. iii. figs. 8-10; Schleg. Versi, Ak. 
Amsterd. ili. 1855, p. 815; Strauch, Syn. Viper. p. 88 (1869) ; Jan, 
Icon. Gén. 45, pl. iv. figs. 3 & 4 (1874). 
Clotho nasicornis, Gray, Zool. Miscell. p. 69 (1842), and Cat. p. 25 
(1849); Wolf, Zool. Sketches, ii. pl. — (1865). 
Vi re hexacera, Dum. § Bibr. vii. p. 1416, pl. lxxviii. }. fig. 2 
Echidna nasicornis, Hallow. Proc. Ac. Philad, 1857, p. 62; A. Dum. 
Arch, Mus. x. 1859, p. 220. 
Bitis nasicornis, Biittikofer, Reiseb. Liberia, ii. p. 444 (1890). 
Nostrils directed upwards and outwards. Rostral very small,. 
once and a half to twice and a half as broad as deep; head covered 
with small strongly keeled scales, smallest on the vertex, 14 to 16 
from eye to eye; 15 to 20 scales round the eye ; four or five series of 
scales between the eye and the labials; two or three pairs of com- 
pressed, erectile, horn-like shields between the supranasals, usually 
separated in the middle by one or two series of small scales; one of 
these horn-like scales usually much developed; four to six series of 
scales between the nasal and the rostral; 15 to 18 upper labials; 
four to six lower labials in contact with the chin-shields. Scales. 
in 35-41 rows, strongly keeled, outer row smooth or feebly keeled. 
Ventrals 124-140; anal entire; subcaudals 16-32. Purplish or 
reddish brown above, with pale olive and dark brown or black 
markings; a vertebral series of pale dark-edged spots, angularly 
notched in front and behind to receive a rhomboidal black spot; an 
arrow-headed dark brown yellow-and-black-edged marking on the 
head and nape, the point on the snout; sides of head dark brown, 
with a triangular light marking in front of the eye and an oblique 
light streak from behind the eye to the mouth; pale olive beneath, 
speckled and spotted with blackish, or blackish olive speckled with 
yellowish. 
Total length 1250 millim.; tail 125. 
West Africa, from Liberia to the Gaboon. 
a, Hgr. (Sc. 37; V. 124; C.19). Gold Coast. Sir A. Smith [P.]- 
b. YE. (Se. 85; V.181; CO. 21). Ashantee, Leyden Museum, 
e-e. Yg. (Se. 37, 35, 35; V.127, Fernando Po, 
128, 130; C. 31, 23, 22). 
tg 3 ee 35; V. 130; C. 32) Guinea. 
& 9 (Se. 41; V. 137: CO. 20), 
