5. PSEUDOCERASTES.—6, CERASTES. 501 
h,t,k-l. 2 (Sc. 41; V. 1382; C. W. Africa. Zoological Society. 
21), rai (Sc. 39; V. 128 ; C, 
16), & ALS (Se. 35, 35; V. 125, 
182; CG. 30, 29). 
m. Skeleton. Niger. J. P Crosse, Esq. 
m. Skull of g. ft 
5. PSEUDOCERASTES. 
Cerastes, part., Dum. §& Bibr. Erp. Gén. vii. p. 1438 (1854). 
Vipera, part., ‘Jan, Elenco sist. Ofid. p. 120 (1863) ; Strauch, Syn. 
Viper. p. 21 (1869). 
Head very distinct from neck, covered with small imbricate scales ; 
eye small, with vertical pupil, separated from the labials by small 
scales ; nostrils directed upwards and outwards, pierced between 
two small nasals, a large crescentic anterior and a small scale-like 
posterior ; nasals separated from the rostral by small scales. Body 
cylindrical; scales keeled, in 23-25 rows, the keels club-shaped and 
not extending to the extremity of the scale; ventrals rounded. 
Tail moderate; subcaudals in two rows. 
Persia. 
1. Pseudocerastes persicus. 
P Vipera cerastes, Pall. Zoogr. Rosso-As. iii. p. 48 (1811). 
Oerastes persicus, Dum. § Bibr. vii. p. 1443, pl. Ixxviii. d. fig. 5 
(1854) ; Blanf. Zool. E. Pers. p. 429 (1876). 
Vipera persica, Jan, Rev. § Mag. Zool. 1859, p. 153; Strauch, Syn. 
tper. p. 103, pl. ii. (1869), and Schl. Russ. R. p. 225 (1873). 
Snout very short and broadly rounded. Upper head-scales small, 
imbricate, keeled; an erect horn-like tubercle above the eye, covered 
with several imbricate scales; 15 scales round the eye; three 
series of scales between the eye and the labials; one series of scales 
between the nasal and the rostral ; 13 upper labials ; four lower labials 
in contact with the chin-shields. Scales strongly keeled, in 23 or 
25 rows. Ventrals 151-156; anal entire; subcaudals 43-49. 
Greyish or brownish above, with four series of large dark spots, the 
two median sometimes confluent and forming cross-bars; a dark 
streak on each side of the head from the eye to behind the gape; 
whitish beneath, dotted with dark, and with a lateral series of dark 
spots. 
otal length 890 millim.; tail 110. 
Persia. 
6. CERASTES. 
Ns part., Laur. Syn. Rept. p. 105 (1768}. 
idna (non Forst.), part., Merr. Tent. Syst. Amph. p. 150 (1820) ; 
"nee & Bibr. Erp. Gén. vii. p. 1420 (1854). 
Cerastes, part., Wagl. Syst. Amph. p. 178 ee ; Gray, Zool. 
Miscell. p. 70 (1842); Dum. § Bibr. t. ¢. 
Vipera, part., Schleg. Phys. Serp. ii. p. 573 disrys. ; Jan, Elenco sist. 
Ofid. p. 120 (1863) ; Strauch, Syn. Viper. p. 21 (1869). 
Cerastes, Gray, Cat. "Sn. p- 27 (1849); Bouleng. Trans. Zool. Soe 
xiii. 1891, p. 154. 
