244 A HISTORY OF GARDEMXG IX ENGLAND. 



it is not bounded by walls, but by a Ha-hah, which leaves you 

 the si^ht of a bewtifuU woody country, and makes you ignorant 

 how far the high planted walks extend." 



The garden thus by means of the ha-ha was becoming merged 

 in the park. In many cases the actual garden was neglected 

 to carry out larger designs in the parks. The changes at 

 Boughton, in the reign of George I., were typical of the times ; 

 the extensive waterworks were done away with, the wilderness 

 was enlarged, and many miles of avenues were planted. 



" Who plants like Bathurst ? " wrote Pope, and as Pope 

 was a leader of fashion in planting, we may be sure that 

 Bathurst's method was characteristic of this period. 

 It was not a garden he planted at Cirencester, but a 

 park, with miles of avenues skilfully planned, yet all distant 

 from the house, and with but little of them visible from the 

 small garden. The summer-house, where Pope used to sit, 

 and enjoy the beauty of the planting, is where seven avenues 

 diverge more than a mile from the house. A still finer point 

 is two miles further off where ten avenues meet. The same 

 idea was carried out at Badminton, where the avenues extended 

 for m.iles into the country, and met at a distant point.^ This 

 is all quite beyond the scope of a garden, and therefore beyond 

 my subject, but as we have reached the time when, according 

 to Walpole, " Kent leapt the fence and saw all nature was a 

 garden," we were bound to take a glance beyond. 



To the lovers of flowers, a garden was always a garden ; under 

 their protection, horticulture and botany were making steady 

 progress, in spite of the new rage for merging the garden in the 

 park. The workers in the practical branches of gardening were 

 many. Richard Bradley, Philip Miller, Thomas Fairchild, and 

 John Lawrence, were among the most famous. Bradley was 

 a very voluminous writer on Natural History, Gardening, and 

 Botany. He entered into various questions concerning the 

 growth of plants, the movements of the sap, and fertilization. 

 " The sap of plants," he wrote, " circulates much after the same 

 manner as the Fluids do in Animal Bodies." On fertilization 



* Sec Kip's \'ic\vs, reproduced in Blomfield and 'Ihumas's Foniuil 

 Garden . 



