NINETEENTH CENTURY. 287 



He first entered the Edinburgh Botanical Gardens, and was 

 subsequently superintendent of the hot-houses at Chiswick. In 

 1842 he started for China, and during the years which followed 

 he was constant!}- sending home fresh treasures. Some of the 

 best known garden flowers we owe to him : — Anemone japonica, 

 Dielytra (or Dicentra) spectabilis, Kerria japonica, varieties of 

 Prunus, Viburnum, Spirea and many Azaleas and Chrj-santhe- 

 mums, Gardenia Fortuniana, Daphne Fortuni, Berberis Fortuni, 

 Forsythia viridissima, Weigela rosea, Jasminum nudiflorum, 

 the white variety of Wistaria, and many other valuable plants. 

 His greatest feat was to go to Loo Chow, disguised as a China- 

 man, and there he obtained the double yellow rose, and the fan- 

 leafed or Chusan palm, which bear his name. Since then this 

 work of discovery has been carried on by able hands. To 

 Sir Joseph Hooker we owe the Sikkim Rhododendrons and a 

 large number of Himalayan plants. Lobb collected for Veitch 

 and introduced many new things. Mr. F. C. Burbidge, especially 

 in Borneo, has brought to light many treasures ; Mr. Edward 

 \\'hittall, at Smyrna, has sent many charming hardy bulbs from 

 Asia Minor, and there are still numerous other active workers in 

 this branch of science. 



The number of roses in our gardens now is infinite, and a 

 very large proportion has only been known in this country during 

 this century. In addition to the old-fashioned species, the 

 Gallica, the Damask, Sulphurea, Scotch, Austrian, Moss, Semper- 

 virens and Musk, there are now many more species, besides 

 endless hybrids. Most of the new species have come to us from 

 Eastern Asia. The little Banksian Rose came from China in 

 1807, ^i^d smaller Fairy Rose in 1810 ; the Tea-scented Rose 

 about the same time. Monthly Roses in 1789, and multiflora 

 in 1822. Since then numerous varieties have been added, 

 Boursault's, Noisette, Polyantha, Bourbon, and so on. In the 

 Catalogue of the great nurseryman, Loddiges, in Hackney, in 

 1826, there are " no less than 1393 species and varieties of 

 Roses," numbered as existing in their nurseries, and Lee, of 

 Hammersmith, also had great quantities. Ever since then roses 

 have been multiplying yearly. In 1861-2 Paul'^ brought out as 



* The Rose Garden. By Win. Paul. 9th Rd., 1888. 



