HISTORY OF CALIFORNIA. 9 



Margarita, the*Bay of Sebastian Yizcaino, east of the 

 Isle of Cedaro, Port San Bartolomd, sometimes called 

 Turtle Bay, and Port San Quintin, a good harbor, 

 with fresh water in the vicinity, and called by the 

 Spanish navigators the Port of the Eleven Thousand 

 Virgins. 



The great westernmost range of mountains runs 

 northward from the peninsula, nearly parallel with 

 the Pacific coast, to the 34th parallel of latitude, be- 

 low which is Mount San Bernardin, one of the highest 

 peaks in California, about forty miles from the ocean. 

 Farther northward, the space between the mountains 

 and the coast becomes wider, and, in a few places, 

 reaches eighty miles. The intermediate region is tra- 

 versed by lines of hills, or smaller mountains joined 

 with the great range. The most considerable of the 

 inferior ridges extends from Mount San Bernardin 

 to the south side of the entrance of the Bay of San 

 Francisco, where it is called the San Bruno Moun- 

 tains. Between this range and the coast runs the 

 Santa Barbara range, terminating at the Cape of 

 Pines, on the south-west side of the Bay of Monterey. 

 Bordering on the Bay of San Francisco, on the east 

 side, is the Bolbona ridge. Beyond these are lines of 

 highlands which stretch from the great chain and ter- 

 minate in capes on the Pacific. 



There are many streams among the valleys of 

 Upper California, some of which, in the rainy season, 

 swell to a considerable size. But no river, except the 

 Sacramento, falling into the Bay of San Francisco, is 

 known to flow through the maritime range of moun- 

 tains, from the interior to the Pacific. The valleys 

 thus watered offer abundant pasturage for cattle. 



The principal harbors of Upper California are those 



