THE 



HISTORY OF CALIPORNIA. 



-«♦•»» 



CHAPTER I. 



GEOGRAPHICAL OUTLINE OF CALIFORNIA. 



The territory called California is that part of North 

 America situated on the Pacific' Ocean, and extending 

 from the 42° of north latitude southwardly to 22'' 48', 

 and from 107° longitude,* west from Greenwich, to 

 124°. It is bounded on the north by Oregon terri- 

 tory, east by territories belonging to the United 

 States and the Gulf of California, and on the south 

 and west by Mexico and the Pacii^c Ocean. Califor- 

 nia is naturally divided into two portions ; the penin- 

 sula, called Lower Cahfornia, and the territory ex- 

 tending northward from the peninsula, on the Pacific 

 Ocean, called Upper California. The line of division 

 between Upper and Lower California runs nearly 

 along the 32d parallel of latitude, westward from the 

 head of the Gulf of California. 



The peninsula of California is about one hundred 

 and thirty miles in breadth, where it joins the conti- 

 nent. It extends south-eastwardly, generally dimi- 

 nishing in breadth, till it terminates in two points. 

 The point farthest south-west is called Cape San 



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