HISTORY OF CALIFORNIA. 267 



The interests of the diiferent sections of a large State 

 are of course, dissimilar, and produce the widest 

 separation of feeling and opinion, which cannot be 

 harmonized without the facilities of intercourse afford- 

 ed by railroads and canals. In no State are there 

 greater means of communication between the people 

 of the different sections, than in Massachusetts ; and 

 in no State is there a more harmonious action in the 

 Legislative department of the government. Let the 

 railroads and canals be so constructed in California 

 as soon as possible, and the effect will be the same. 



We have elsewhere mentioned and characterized the 

 different harbors of California. There has been one 

 other surveyed and pronounced excellent, and the 

 beginning of a town made upon its shores. This is 

 called Humboldt, after the distinguished traveller. It 

 is about one hundred and seventy-five miles north of 

 San Francisco. The river formerly called Pigeon, but 

 now Trinity, empties into it. The harbor is sheltered 

 from the south-west winds, but is exposed to the north- 

 west. The north-west winds prevail from November 

 till March, and are severe ; but the south-west winds 

 during the remainder of the year, are violent, and the 

 harbor that is sheltered from them is considered a 

 good one. 



The Indians who inhabit a large portion of Califor- 

 nia, have been, and will be, the subject of considerable 

 trouble to the white residents. It is a matter of the 

 first importance for their safety, and that of the 

 Indians themselves, that agents should be sent among 

 them, with power to negotiate and settle all claims 

 made by them and disputes arising between them and 

 the whites, else, a destructive war will be the con- 

 Bequencc. They should be induced to relinquish their 



