MARINE AUi^E OF BEAUFORT, N. C. 449 



filaments occurring in sori surrounding the short branches immediately below the 

 apices; fertile portions of these branches cylindrical, club shaped, ellipsoidal, or almost 

 globose. 



About 14 species, mostly in Australian region; 3 in Europe. 



Sporochnus pedunculatus (Hudson) Agardh. PI. LXXXVIII, fig. 3. 



Fucus Pedunculatus, Hudson, 1762, p. 587. 

 Sporochnus pedunculatus, Agardh, 1820, p. 149. 

 Sporochnus pedunculatus, De Toni. 1895, p. 380. 



.Frond filiform, arising from a very minute, discoid, rootlike callus, greenish to olive brown, up to 

 40 cm. tall; densely pinnate, long branches rather simple, alternate, i to 20 cm. long; short branches 

 numerous on the long branches, occasional on the main axis, usually i to 2 mm, long or less, sometimes 

 up to 5 mm. long, fertile portions at first subsessile and subglobose, then pedicillate and more or less 

 elongated, obovate-ellipsoid; sporangia about 30 to 40 by 10 to 15 mic. 



Atlantic 'from Scandinavia and England to northern Africa; Mediterranean. 



Beaufort, N. C.: One specimen, Bogue Beach, August, 1907; few fragments dredged from the coral 

 reef offshore, August, 1914. 



The large specimen mentioned differs from most English specimens of the species in that it is coarser, 

 has the short branches more scattered with longer peduncles, and the fertile portions of these branches 

 ending more abruptly than in the English specimens, but the English specimens are themselves variable 

 in these respects and some of them closely approach the Beaufort plant. This species has not pre- 

 viously been recorded from America, the specimens from Bermuda referred in the Challenger report 

 to 5. pedunculatus probably being another species. S. bolleanus Mont., which occurs in Bermuda, 

 differs from the Beaufort specimen in being coarser and having longer peduncles, those of S. bolleanus 

 being 2 to 6 times those of the Beaufort specimen, 0.5 to 1.5 times the length of the fertile portion of 

 the branch. 



The large specimen collected at Beaufort is 16.5 cm. long and seems complete, except that it lacks 

 its attaching base, its long branches are i to 4 cm. long, it is in good condition, is fruiting abundantly, and 

 when found seemed fresh and vigorous. It is probable that this grew on the coral reef offshore from 

 Beaufort. 



Order 2. Cyclosporese Areschoug. 



Cydosporinae, De Toni, 1895, p. 3. 



Frond often of striking size, various in form, branching, and structure, usually on 

 rocks, less often epiphytic, with or without vesicles (floats, air bladders) ; usually bearing 

 on the surface tufts of hairs arising from the interior of sunken, flask-sha/ped cavities 

 (cryptostomata) ; no asexual propagation; sexual reproduction by nonmotile eggs and 

 biciliate motile sperms; sexual organs (oogonia and antheridia) accompanied by para- 

 physes, formed within sunken, subspherical, hermaphroditic or unisexual conceptacles, 

 communicating with the exterior by a narrow canal, usually on more or less specialized 

 portions of the thallus; oogonia spherical or ellipsoidal, occurring singly on a short stalk, 

 producing i, 2, 4, or 8 relatively large, nonmotile eggs; antheridia numerous, occurring 

 as branches on more or less branched filaments, producing numerous small, biciliate, 

 motile sperms; eggs and sperms discharged through the neck of the conceptacle into the 

 water where fertilization occurs. ,.* ..-.." 



Family FUCACFJE De Toni. 



Characters of the order. 



About 300 species, mostly in salt water, some in brackish water, throughout the 

 world, especially in Australian region. 



