IMPLEMENTS FOR FARM AND GARDEN. 175 



press the earth, either before or after seeding, and on 

 grass lands and grain fields in the early spring after 

 frost is out. There is, unfortunately, very little improve- 

 ment in this implement over those used fifty years ago ; 

 they are made of wood, cast iron and wrought iron, 

 some in one section, others from two to six sections. 

 The rollers in sections have the advantage of turning 

 without dragging. Sizes usually made are from single 

 sections twelve inches wide to the six section field roller 

 seventy-two inches wide. The field rollers are supplied 

 with a box to hold additional weight. 



Cultivators or Horse Hoes. These are used for 

 cultivating corn, potatoes, cabbages, etc., loosening the 

 soil and destroying weeds between the rows, also for 

 throwing the earth to or from the plants. They are con- 

 structed with wrought iron frames, movable and adjust- 

 able teeth. By changing the plates and moving the 

 standards, one machine can be adapted to many different 

 purposes. These machines are manufactured by many 

 different parties throughout the country, but the Iron 

 Age and Planet Jr. seem to have the lead in favor. 



Lee's Horse Hoe. This is practically a weeding 

 machine drawn by one horse, has a wooden frame shaped 

 like a cultivator, with eight curved spike teeth in front 

 followed by two flat hoes or knives; the front teeth loosen 

 the surface and the flat hoes shave oil the weeds, leaving 

 them on the surface to die. Crops can be hoed with 

 these machines long before other cultivators can be used, 

 as they can cut within half an inch of a row without dis- 

 turbing the plants. 



Two-Horse Sulky Cultivators, with two wheels 

 and a seat for the driver, and the Two-Horse Walking 

 Cultivators are in use on many ordinary farms, but are 

 particularly useful on large plantations. Working two 

 rows at one operation, they accomplish twice as much as 

 the ordinary cultivator. They are made with the revers- 



