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cattle should only be allowed to graze for an hour or two, 

 and then be driven off for the remainder of the day, grad- 

 ually increasing the time of grazing, until they become less 

 voracious in their appetites, never permitting them to run 

 upon clover when wet. Clover made wet by a rain at mid- 

 day is more likely to produce hoven than when wet by dew. 

 This is because when wet by rain at midday, or after the 

 stalks and leaves are heated by the sun, when taken into the 

 stomach of a cow, this heat generates fermentation much 

 sooner than when the herbage is cool, though wet with the 

 morning dew. Cattle are more easily affected by clover 

 than horses, because being ruminants, they take in the clover 

 rapidly, filling the stomach at once, without chewing. 

 Digestion is for the time checked, and a rapid fermentation 

 sets in. The remedy found most effective for hoven is to 

 stick a sharp pointed knife about six inches in front of the 

 hip, to the left side of the backbone, and far enough from 

 it to miss the spinal protuberances, and in the thinest part 

 of the flank. A cow should never be run when affected 

 with hoven, as this treatment only intensifies the pain with- 

 out affording relief. 



Stock should never be turned upon clover until it blooms. 

 The practice of many of our farmers, to turn all the stock 

 upon a clover field early in April, is very destructive. The 

 crown of the clover is eaten out, causing it to perish. The 

 tread of heavy cattle has the same effect. 



As a soiling crop red clover is excelled by no crop grown 

 within the State. The practice of soiling in thickly settled 

 communities is one much commended by agricultural 

 writers. An half-acre of clover will supply one cow 

 throughout the months of June, July and August, if cut off 

 and fed in a stall, while twice the amount in pasture, ac- 

 cording to some English experimenters, will barely subsist 

 a cow during the same period, and this will depend, of 

 course, upon the luxuriance of the growth. Soiling (that 

 is cutting the grass and feeding it green) is a very desirable 



