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the cows and horses, and with a water cart, spread it over 

 their pastures and meadows. 



Many object to the use of human excrement, on account 

 of its offensiveness. This can be easily prevented, and at 

 the same time by an agent that is a valuable addition to the 

 manure heap. The sulphate of iron (copperas), is a power- 

 ful deodorizer, and a few cents worth added to the night soil 

 deprive it of any offensive smell for a length of time suffi- 

 ciently long to remove it. 



A great many bones are wasted on every farm that make 

 valuable manure, and are easily prepared for use. Let a 

 barrel be devoted to bones, and whenever a bone is thrown 

 into it, cover it up with unleached ashes. Let the barrel 

 stand in the weather, and in a few months the bones will be 

 so friable they may be easily broken and converted into an 

 unadulterated bone dust, better than can be bought in any 

 of the agricultural stores. Or, if he cannot wait this slow 

 process, they are easily burned and crushed. 



In making soap, much fine phosphate of lime is thrown 

 out in the shape of half eaten bones, and in spent lye. 

 Soap suds are also a fine addition to the manure or compost 

 heap. In these are found, not only the alkalies of soda and 

 potash, but also much nitrogenous matter in the shape of 

 grease. All these assist in enriching our heap. 



No farm yard is without the best guano. It is true, the 

 guano of the shops is from sea birds, whose food is fish, but 

 the guano of the chicken house is exceedingly valuable and 

 well worth saving. Mixing it with soil or ashes and sow- 

 ing over a garden plat, rather thinly, for it is very rich, 

 its effects are seen to the row. However, the dung of fowls 

 and especially of pigeons is best applied in the form of 

 solution. It is not so apt to burn up the plant in this 

 manner. One part of manure to ten parts of water will 

 make a fine wash for vines, or for fruit trees it is unex- 

 celled. Another addition to the heap is skins, carrion 

 either of animals or fowls, scales of fishes, hair, hoofs, and 



