IDENTICAL CHANGES 



sure exerted by heated gases in the experiments 

 of Fig. A, a total contradiction of the observed 

 laws of bodies in motion. For the relative energy 

 or force required to move bodies is strictly in the 

 simple relation of their Mass. 



The arrangement of particles, of higher degrees 

 than the first, undoubtedly makes the great differ- 

 ence in solid bodies under a manifestation of heat. 

 There is nothing to indicate that the particles of 

 solids are grouped in any certain invariable order, 

 in plane layers or other arrangement. The melt- 

 ing points of alloys are most always different from 

 a mean of their several melting points ; sometimes 

 lower than the lowest in the compound. 



But because liquids have a great freedom of 

 movement in the physical interchange of particles, 

 while yet all liquids exhibit more or less cohesion, 

 it seems certain that particles of liquids are ar- 

 ranged in plane layers, wherein they touch one 

 another. 



And because there is yet a great radical expan- 

 sion in changing liquids to gases and vapors, the 

 latter two must be apart even in the layers. 



From wind and wave, from wireless telegraphy 

 and many other indications it seems altogether 

 probable that the layers of liquids and gases are 

 normally arranged at right angles to a line drawn 

 from them to the centre of the earth. 



Where there is a great mass held together by 

 gravity and interlocking, like our earth as a whole, 

 161 



