62 A HISTORY OF GARDENING IN ENGLAND 



phelyp qwen of Ingelond."^ This, of course, was Philippa of 

 Hainault, wife of Edward III., and it is interesting to note that 

 there is a MS. in the British Museum,^ with the following title : 

 " Chiburn on the virtues of Ros maryn written at the com- 

 mand of the Countess of Henawd who sent the copy to her 

 daughter Phylyp, Queen of England." 



Another medical work, by " the venerable doctor. Master 

 Gilbert Kymer," is a treatise addressed to Humphrey, Duke 

 of Gloucester, entitled Dietarium de Sanitatis Custodia. Kymer 

 gives a list of herbs to be put in potage, that the Duke might 

 safely take, also full instructions as to what fruits could be 

 eaten before meals and what others after. This list in- 

 cludes, besides the commonest fruits, damsons, strawberries, 

 figs, medlars, and peaches, and also foreign fruits and spices. 

 A list of plants with Latin, English, and French equivalents 

 was made by John Bray, a physician and botanist, in receipt 

 of a yearly pension of 100^ from William, Earl of Salisbury, 

 and then from Richard II. His work Synonomd de nominibus 

 herbarum^ is simply a good collection of names alphabetically 

 arranged, but contains no descriptions or cultural directions. 



Palladius was as much translated in the fifteenth as he had 

 been in the thirteenth century. There is no clue to the author 

 of the English version, of which a manuscript dating from 

 about 1420 exists at Colchester ;"* but the name and work of 

 another translator, of the same date, have been preserved. He 

 was a monk of Westminster, named Nicholas Bollard, and either 

 himself translated direct from Palladius, or transcribed or 

 translated through " Godfrey," the parts of the work on 

 husbandry relating to grafting, planting, and sowing. Robert 

 Salle also reissued part of the same work.^ Another MS. of 

 the fifteenth century known as the Porkington Treatise has 



^ ArchcBologia, vol. xxx. ^ Sloane, No. 7, Sec. 5. 



^ Sloane MS. 282 (24), pp. 167 v. to 173 v. 



* Printed E. Eng. Text Soc, ed. by S. T. H. Herrtage. 



* The MS. in the British Museum, containing the work by Salle, ends 

 thus : " Here endcth the telyng of trees after Godfray upon paladie and 

 her begynneth the tretis of Nicholas Bollard." Then follows the chapter 

 on " the manner of settyng of trees," and grafting, at the end of which 

 it is stated : " here endeth the chapter of the first partie of Godfray upon 

 Paladie de Agricultura." 



