74 A HISTORY OF GARDENING IN ENGLAND 



other pleasures. And in the same orchard, are many goodly 

 alleys to walk in openly. And round about the same orcharde 

 is conveyed on a good height other goodly alleys with roosting 

 places, covered thoroughly with white thorne and hasel. And 

 without the same, on the utter part, the said orchard is enclosed 

 with sawin pale {sawn palings) and without that ditches and 

 quickset hedges." ... " From out of the said orchard, are 

 divers posterns in sundry places at pleasure to go and enter 

 into a goodly park newly-made." The house and gardens were 

 left to fall into ruins, after Queen Elizabeth's time, and not 

 a trace of the old garden remains.^ 



Another example of an arbour or " roos ting-place " was one 

 made for Ehzabeth of York. " lo July 1502 Item payed to 

 Henr}' Smith clerc of the Castle of Wyndsor for money by him 

 payed to a certain labourer to make an herbour in the little 

 park of Wyndsor for a banket for the Queen iiijs. viijd." 

 Again, in the eighteenth year of Henry VII., five shilHngs 

 were paid for making an arbour at Baynarde's Castle, in 

 London. 2 



The ordinary arbour was still like those described in earlier 

 times by Chaucer, with a turfed seat, and trellis covered with 

 chmbing plants. One is thus spoken of by a poet of the Tudor 

 period^ : 



" The clowdis gan to clere, the myst was rarifiid 

 In an herber I saw, brought where I was, 

 There birdis on the brere sange on euery syde : — 

 With alys ensandid about in compas 

 The bankis enturfid with singular solas 

 Enrailed with rosers, and vinis engrapid ; — 

 It was a new comfort of sorrowis escapid." 



Other resting-places were arranged along the garden-walls, 

 in the form of shady nooks and corners with grass banks to 

 serve as seats, such as that of which More, in his Utopia, 

 makes mention, when he writes : " We all went to my house, 

 and entering into the garden, sat down on a green bank, and 



* The outer castle wall alone remained, and it was rebuilt and the 

 present gardens laid out about fifty years ago by tlie father of the 

 present owner, Mr. Stafford Howard. 



2 Wardrobe Accounts. ^ Skelton, Garlande of Laurell. 



