EARLY TUDOR GARDENS 87 



Consequently, in old account-books entries for things bought 

 to stock the garden are rare. But the making so many fine 

 new gardens must have created a demand for plants with 

 which to furnish them. The large quantities of things bought 

 for the newly laid-out gardens could only have been supplied 

 by regular nurserymen and market-gardeners. For instance, 

 such amounts as five hundred rose-trees, six hundred cherry- 

 trees^ at 6d. per hundred, could hardly have been grown in 

 private gardens. 



The fruit and vegetable market of London in Edward IL's 

 reign^ has already been glanced at, and with the great advances 

 in gardening since that time it is most probable that the market 

 had also increased and the market-gardeners multiplied. Then, 

 as now, the great place for market-gardens was the immediate 

 vicinity of London, but some were planted even in the heart 

 of the town, as the following quotation shows : " About the 

 latter part of the reign of Henry VIIL, the poor people of 

 Portsoken Ward, East Smithfield, were hedged out, and in 

 place of their homely cottages, such houses builded as do rather 

 want room than rent, and the residue was made into a garden 

 by a gardener named Cawsway, one that serveth the market 

 with herbs and roots." ^ 



The largest supply of fruit-trees came from the orchard at 

 Tenham, in Kent. The history of its estabhshment is related 

 in a curious and rare pamphlet, entitled The Husbandman's 

 Fruitful Orchard, 1609. The author is unknown, but the epistle 

 to the reader is signed " thy well-wilier N-F."** " One Richard 

 Harris, of London, borne in Ireland, Fruiterer to King Henry 

 the eight, fetched out of Fraunce great store of graftes, espe- 

 cially pippins, before which time there were no pippins in 

 England. He fetched also out of the Lowe Countries, cherrie 

 grafts and Peare graftes of diuers sorts : Then tooke a peese 

 of ground belonging to the king in the Parrish of Tenham in 

 Kent, being about the quantitie of seaven score acres : whereof 

 he made an orchard, planting therein all those foraigne grafts. 

 Which orchard is and hath been from time to time, the chief e 



^ Hampton Court Account. ^ See p. 39. 



^ Stowe, Survey of London, ed. 1598, p. 139. 

 * Imprinted for Roger Jackson, London. 



