KITCHEN GARDENING UNDER JAMES I. 131 



to this fruit. Bulleyn, in his work on Health,^ mentions a 

 " kind of peares growing in the City of Norwich, called black 

 friers' peare — very delicious and pleasant, and no lesse profit- 

 able." " A phisition of the same citye called doctoure Mars- 

 seilde, said he thought those peares without all comparison 

 were the best that grow in any place of England." 



Bulleyn also remarks on the cherries growing in Norfolk. 

 " In the county of Kent be growing great plentye of the fruite. 

 So are there in a towne near unto Norwich, called Ketrein- 

 ham."^ It is probably to the influence of the Huguenots in 

 these two counties that the improvement in fruit culture — 

 especially of the cherry — is owing. To these foreigners may 

 also be ascribed the advance in favour of hop-growing which 

 was manifested about this time. Several varieties of cherry 

 were grown ; the best known were the Flanders, or Kentish, the 

 Spanish, " Gascoigne," and Morello, also a variety called 

 " Luke Warde's cherry, because he was the first that brought 

 the same out of Italy. "^ Parkinson describes thirty-five named 

 varieties. Sir Hugh Piatt gives an account of what he calls " a 

 conceit of that delicate knight," Sir Francis Carew, at Bedding- 

 ton, when Queen Ehzabeth visited him there. He covered a 

 cherry-tree with canvas kept damp, to retard the fruit, only 

 removing " the tent when assured of her Majesties coming, so 

 that she had cherries at least one moneth after all cherries had 

 taken their farewell of England." 



The garden or " tame " sort " of Plummes are of diuers kindes, 

 some white, some yellow, some blacke, some of the colour of a 

 chesnet, and some of a lyght or clear redde ; and some great, 

 and some small ; some sweet and dry, some fresh and sharpe, 

 whereof eche kinde hath a particular name. The wilde Plummes 

 are least of al, and are called slose, bullies, and snagges."^ It 

 is evident from this description that the number of plums had 

 greatly increased. John Tradescant was a great grower of 

 plums, as of all fruit. He^ " hath wonderfully laboured to 

 obtain all the rarest fruits he can hear of "; and also " Master 

 John Millen, dwelling in Old Street, who from John Tradescant 



^ A newe Book entituled the Gouernement of Healthe, William Bulleyn, 

 1558. 

 ^ Ketteringham. ^ Qerard. * Lyte's Herbal. ^ Parkinson. 



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