146 A HISTORY OF GARDENING IN ENGLAND 



of a garden, as he touches on gardening among the " pointes 

 of husbandrie " for each month. The other " pointes " include 

 all departments of farming, besides advice about housekeeping, 

 how to keep Christmas, and how to treat wife, children, 

 servants, and friends ; and his counsel on this last point should 

 hold good at the present day, though few would wish to follow 

 all his injunctions on husbandry : 



" Good friend and good neighbour that fellovvlie gest 

 With hartihe welcome, should have of the best." 



William Bulleyn, a learned physician, wrote a book entitled 

 The Government of Healihe (1558). Although devoted to the 

 herbs used in medicine, some curious information on gardening 

 can be gleaned from it. 



The history of the Herbals of this period is rather involved, 

 as they were so much copied one from another, and the same 

 plates were used in several works. The authors of every country 

 borrowed freely from ancient writers, especially Dioscorides 

 and Columella. The former was translated into Italian, and 

 published with many additions in 1544 by Mattioli, the learned 

 Italian botanist and physician. Dodoens, another of the great 

 botanists of the sixteenth century, who copied much from 

 Dioscorides, was born at Mechlin in 15 17. He published at 

 Antwerp in 1554 A History of Plants, written in Dutch, which 

 was translated into French by Clusius (Charles de I'Excluse), 

 and printed at Antwerp in 1557. Henry Lyte translated the 

 work into English from the French of Clusius, and Lyte's 

 version was printed at Antwerp in 1578, the same woodcuts 

 being used for the work in all the three languages. Each of 

 these books went through several editions. Meanwhile Dodoens 

 greatly enlarged his original, and embodied it in a new work, 

 Stirpium HistoricB, Pemptades sex, in thirty books. This great 

 Herbal was translated into English by Dr. Priest, who died 

 before he could publish his translation. 



Gerard's Herbal (1597) is founded entirely on that of Do- 

 doens, parts of it being exact translations. Gerard professes 

 to have " perused divers Herbals set foorth in other languages," 

 but does not own to having copied so largely as he did. In 

 the second edition of Gerard's Herbal, corrected and enlarged 



