GARDENING UNDER WILLIAM AND MARY 215 



The well-known gardener John Rose also helped to encourage 

 grape-growing by distributing vines, and wrote a work entitled 

 The English Vineyard Vindicated. He offered to " all that 

 desire it sets and plants of all the best vines sufficiently tried 

 in our soil and climate at reasonable prices."^ And John 

 Beale, following his example, used to offer to give plants of 

 vines to " cottagers," but they generally answered " churlishly 

 that they would not be troubled with grapes " ; but when he 

 explained that in a few years their grapes would fetch a good 

 price in the markets, "they were soon of a more thankful 

 mind." 



In his Diary on June loth, 1658, Evelyn made the following 

 entry : " I went to see y- medical garden at Westminster well 

 stored with plants under Morgan, a very skilful botanist." 

 Hugh Morgan is twice mentioned by Johnson, in his edition 

 of Gerard's Herbal, as " The Queen's Apothecary," and " a 

 curious conserver of rare simples," and he notices a large 

 specimen of the " Lote or Nettle " tree, growing in Morgan's 

 garden, near " Coleman Street, in London." This Morgan was 

 probably the same man whose garden at Westminster Evelyn 

 visited, but how long he kept up this garden is uncertain.^ 

 When a physic-garden in Westminster, presumably this one, 

 was bought by the Apothecaries' Company, in June, 1676, it 

 was in other hands, as the Company bought the lease from 

 Mrs. Gape, with the liberty of moving the plants to their 

 Chelsea Garden.^ The Physic Garden at Chelsea was founded 

 in 1673,'* and after a few years entirely superseded the one at 

 Westminster. The lease of the land at Chelsea from Charles 

 Cheyne (afterwards Lord Cheyne) was signed August 29th, 

 1673, for a term of sixty-one years, the rent £5 per annum, and 

 the following year a wall was built round the garden. The first 

 gardener was Piggott, who was succeeded in 1677 by Richard 

 Pratt, These gardeners were given ;^30 a year, and their suc- 

 cessor, John Watts, 1679, received ;^50. The garden was 



^ Letter concerning Orchards and Vineyards, John Beale, 1676. 



^ " Master Morgan the gardiner at Westminster " and " Dr. How, one 

 of the Masters of the Physick Garden at Westminster," are mentioned 

 by W. Coles in his Art of Simpling, 1657. 



^ Faulkner's Chelsea, vol. ii., pp. 174-176. 



* History of the Apothecary' s Garden, by Henry Field, 1820. 



