1913.] PUBLIC DOCUMENT — No. 31. 39 



rium) on the tree, but it occurred later at the time of harvest- 

 ing. The black rot (Sphwropsis) usually constitutes 80 or 90 

 per cent, of our fruit rots, but this year the bitter rot {Glceo- 

 sporiuni) prevailed and Sphoeropsis was quite scarce, and for 

 this reason there was more rotting of the fruit on the tree than 

 is usually seen here. The brown rot (Sclerotinia) and blue 

 mold rot {Pencilliuin') were quite common, as was the fruit 

 spot (Cylindrosporium), which affected many varieties of 

 apples. 



Crown gall (Pseudomorias) is not so prevalent now as a few 

 years ago, as greater care is being taken in buying apple stock. 

 Peach leaf-curl (Exoascus) was unusually severe in the spring, 

 especially on unsprayed trees, and much curling of the foliage 

 was caused by aphis. Peach and plum rots (Sclerotinia) were 

 not common, and other than the winter killing of the fruit buds 

 the trees made good growth and were quite free from disease. 

 There was some pear blight (Bacillus) and sooty mold, which 

 grows in the secretions of aphis. Rusts {Gymnosporangium) 

 in general have been more common the past four years, but they 

 were less conspicuous this season than last. Among these may 

 be mentioned quince, bean, apple, Vinca, rose and ash rust. 

 The quince rust continues to be more or less of a pest. The 

 white pine blister rust (C ronartiiim) , introduced a few years 

 ago, is now receiving attention from the nursery inspector. The 

 European currant rust, one stage of the pine blister rust, has 

 recently made its appearance, being first observed on the black 

 currant in Essex County, the only location known in this State 

 at the present time. 



Among other more or less common diseases noticed during 

 the year are the maple leaf spot (Rhytisma), pea mildew (Ery- 

 siphe), several sweet pea troubles of a miscellaneous character, 

 the leaf spot of the cherry {Cylindrosporium)^ asparagus rust 

 (Puccinia), oat smut (Ustilago), hollyhock rust (Puccinia), 

 potato scab (Oospora), corn smut (Ustilago), black rot of grape 

 (Guignardia), bacterial wilt of cucumbers (Bacillus), currant 

 leaf spot (Septoria), frost injury to asparagus, blossom end rot 

 of tomatoes and scab (Cylindrosporium) , oak and sycamore leaf 

 blight (Gloeosporiiun), black spot of rose (Actinonema) , rose 

 mildew (S phcerotheca) , leaf spot of mignonette (Cercospora), 



