PREFACE. 



The five last years have witnessed a very great change in the system of 

 fruit culture, as well as a great advance in the principles which lie at the 

 foundation of Agriculture. This is seen in the call for agricultural periodi- 

 cals and books. It is not now as formcrh^ ; a scientific agricultural work, 

 ten years ago, would be excluded from the fireside of tlie farmer, because 

 it employed names and words diflicult to be understood, or even to pro- 

 nounce ; but now, we hear very little complaint on the score of hard names 

 and technical phrases. Such works, too, were frequently regarded as 

 theoretical, and as adapted only to a class of men styled book-fai'mers. It 

 is now, however, conceded that books may teach the principles of Agricul- 

 ture, and that the practical farmer may read and study them to great 

 advantage. It will be seen that this volume is devoted partly to the 

 description and illustration of the fruits of the State, and partly to llie 

 principles of practical agriculture. In the part devoted to liuits I have at- 

 tempted to construct a better classification than we possessed. I do not 

 know how it will be regarded by the learned in this branch of culture. The 

 classification of varieties is always diliicult, and when they are numerous, 

 as in the apple and pear, it is increased. I may have failed in the applica- 

 tion of the facts upon which my classification is based, for want of a full 

 assortment of varieties; still, I believe the attempt to improve the cla.^siti- 

 cation of fruits is in the right direction. 



It is due to myself to state, that many of the i)lHles were engraved before 

 fruit culture had received its impulse in New-York; and indeeil a part of 

 the work was printed before the best edition of Downing's work was pub- 

 lished. Many difficulties and doubts have existed in ;Im' iniiids of some ol' 

 our Pomologists, as it regarded tlie Iriic name whicli had been given to 

 many varieties. That I have fallen iiilo error, in a tew inslances, is proba- 



