ON THE MILK OF THE COW. 321 



The cow was fed half a bushel per day, at first, when after three days it was increased to 

 three pecks. A small quantity of hay only was allowed. Hay had been given exclusively 

 for a few days previous to the use of grains, and the cow had fallen off in the quantity of 

 milk : it was reduced to a little more than 3 pounds in the evening and 4 pounds in the 

 morning, or 7 pounds per day, instead of 10. At the close of the week she gave an average 

 of 7 pounds in the morning and 6 in the evening, a gradual but perceptible gain, which could 

 be attributed to no other cause than her food. It is important to observe, therefore, that the 

 quantity and quality was improved by brewers' grains. The question however may very well 

 be put, whether the good effects would be lasting 1 On this point there may be some doubt ; 

 still, if exercise and air, and a sufficiency of hay be added to the ration to employ the jaws 

 and make bulk, I believe that grains will continue their good effects. In the first place, there 

 is nutriment in them of the right kind, and there is nothing which can be injurious. It is, 

 however, important that I should give several other analyses of milk from cows which were 

 fed, in whole or in part, upon grains. I will select, in the first place, the milk of three cows 

 which were fed wholly upon grains, with the exception of a small quantity of ship-stuff. They 

 receive one bushel per day as their ration, and are confined to the stable. The cows of this 

 stable have high feed, and are generally in excellent order, but are kept for milking from six 

 to nine months, and then are turned over to the butcher. It will be observed that the compo- 

 sition of the milk differs from that which I have given in the foregoing sections. 



1. 2. 3. 



Water 89-166 SS-O/JO 87-425 



Dry, 10-826 11-975 11-575 



Casein, 3-505 4-857 4-105 



Butter, 2-825 3-617 2-865 



Sugar and extract 3-805 3-477 3-405 



Salts 0-758 



Sp. gravity, 1028-75. 



Each of these three samples of milk may be regarded as poor in butter, while each cow, I 

 believe, might be slaughtered and pass for good beef. It is poor for winter butter at least, 

 and for cows which have been milked for several months. The casein, however, maintains a 

 respectable quantity. 



The next analysis is of mixed milk obtained from numerous cows which were fed upon 

 grains, and screenings which had been buried in the earth for several months, and when given 

 were mixed with buckwheat bran. The cows received half a bushel, with as much hay as 

 they wished. The principal food, however, may be regarded as grains. 



Specific gravity, 1028-05. Ash of 1028-75 grains, 6-72. 



Water, 88-44 



Dry 11-01 



Casein 4-44 



Butter 3-47 



Sugar, 3-55 



[AORICTTLTUKAI, RePOHT VoL. III.] 41 



