60 horticulturist's rule-book. 



tioned under the downy mildew, is some protection ; but 

 the spray is sure. 



Bemedies. — Burn infested fruits in autumn. If an 

 attack is feared, spray with a plain solution of sulphate of 

 iron or copper before the buds swell! Thereafter use 

 Bordeaux mixture or ammoniacal carbonate of copper, at- 

 intervals of 10 to 15 days, continuing for five or six applica- 

 tions if necessary. The first spraying is made just before 

 the blossoms open. Perhaps the best method is to use 

 Bordeaux mixture for the first applications, and ammo- 

 niacal carbonate of copper for the last one or two, as this 

 removes the danger of discoloring the grapes by the 

 Bordeaux mixture. Very good results are obtained by 

 the continuous use of the carbonate of copper, and it is 

 applied more easily than the Bordeaux mixture. 



The cost of spraying grapes six times during the season, 

 including the cost of the chemicals, is estimated at two 

 cents per vine for ammoniacal carbonate of copper and 

 three cents for Bordeaux mixture. These figures assume 

 that the best appliances are used, and that the plantation 

 is a half acre or more in extent, and that the copper carbo- 

 nate costs not to exceed 40 cents per pound and the copper 

 sulphate not to exceed 6 cents per pound. 



Note. — The following are synonyms for black-rot: 

 Sphceria Bidwellii, Physalospora Bidwellii, Fhoma tivicola, 

 Fhoma uvicola var. Labriiscce, Sphceropsis uvarum, Phoma 

 uvarum, Nemaspora ampelicida, Phyllosticta Lahruscm (the 

 "leaf -spot" form), Phyllosticta viticola, Phoma ustulatum, 

 Phyllosticta ampelopsidis, Sacidium viticolum, Septoria 

 viticola, Ascochyta Ellisii. 

 California Vine-Disease. — An obscure disease, probably 

 of fungous or bacterial origin, causing the leaves to assume 

 red or yellow markings and discolored edges ; the canes 

 make a short growth and become discolored and shed 

 their leaves early, and the berries shrivel and dry up or 

 sometimes fall. The leaves usually curl more or less. 

 Remedies are unknown. 



