THE WEATHER. 225 



over the tree. Such appliances, while of some use for a small 

 garden, would be futile for a farm. 



" If the hoed crops of the farm are cultivated with reference 

 to securing a constant supply of moisture in the upper soil, — 

 to draw by capillary action of the soil upon the reservoir of 

 water in the subsoil, and at the same time keep the surface soil 

 in such condition as to prevent the too rapid dissipation of soil 

 moisture, — the fields may be saved from frost by a covering as 

 impalpable as air but as effectual as eider-dovrn. Here is a 

 conservatism of highest importance for both farmer and fruit 

 grower, ' ' — Kedzie. 



4. Signals of the United States Weather Bureau. 



A. FLAG SIGNALS. 



No. 1, square white flag, alone, indicates fair weather, station- 

 ary temperature. 



No. 2, square blue flag, alone, indicates rain or snow, station- 

 ary temperature. 



No. 3, square, white above, blue below, alone, indicates local 

 rain, stationary temperature. 



No. 4, triangular black, refers to temperature. 



No. 5, square white, with black center, cold wave. 



No. 1, with No. 4 above it, indicates fair weather, warmer. 



No. 1, with No. 4 below it, indicates fair weather, colder. 



No. 2, with No. 4 above it, indicates warmer weather, rain or 

 snow. 



No. 2, with No. 4 below it, indicates colder weather, rain or 

 snow. 



No. 3, with No. 4 above it, indicates warmer weather with local 

 rains. 



No. 3, with No. 4 below it, indicates colder weather with local 

 rains. 



No. 1, with No. 5 below it, indicates fair weather, cold 

 wave. 



No. 2, with No. 5 below it, indicates wet weather, cold 

 wave. 



Q 



