11 



grounds, and R. humilis (sometimes called virginiana) and R. setigera 



may be planted in drier places. R. micrantha and R. multiflora are 



among the best introduced roses. 

 Black alder. Ilex Icevigata may be used instead of I. verticillata. I. serrata 



is a good introduced species. 

 Mountain holly. Drops most of its berries in the fall ; only a few persist 



throughout the season indicated. 

 Bittersweet. Celastrus orbiculattis, introduced, may be used. 

 Buckthorn. Rhammis dahurica is equally good. 

 Virginia creeper. Often sold under the names Av^pelopsis and Parthenocis- 



sus. A. heterophylla and P. vitacea may be substituted. 

 Wild pepper. Hippophae rhamnoides may replace it, especially along 



coast. 

 Oleaster. Ekeagnus longipes, E. multiflora, E. parviflora and E. umbel- 



lata also are good. 

 BufTalo berry. Shepherdia (Lepargyrea) argentea, the true buffalo berry, 



furnishes good bird food. 

 Dogwood. Cornus panicidata (candidissima) , native, and C. alba and C. 



sanguinea, introduced, are worthy substitutes. 

 Huckleberry. Gaylussacia baccata is often sold as G. resinosa. 

 Blueberry. Any species may be substituted. 

 Cranberry. Generic name often given as Oxycoccus. 

 Privet. Ligustnmi acuminatum, L. amurense, L. ciliatum, L. ibota and L. 



microcarpum, all introduced, are equally good. Must not be clipped; 



berries borne on outer twigs. 

 Purple berry. Variety yapomm is the hardy form. 

 Honeysuckle. Lonicera glauca, L. canadensis, L. oblongifolia and L. sem- 



pervirens, native, and L. maackii, introduced, may be substituted. 

 Snowberry. Symphoricarpus occidentalis is just as good. 

 Viburnum. V. dentatum, native, and T'. sieboldii, introduced, are worth 



adding. 

 Elder. Sambucus nigra, introduced, also is valuable. 



It will be noted that the list given by Mr. McAtee includes 

 both native and introduced species, but for those who prefer to 

 raise their own plants, or to encourage such native plants en- 

 ticing to birds, as already grow on their land, the following 

 list, first published by Mr. F. H. Kennard in "Bird-Lore" for 

 July-August, 1912, is recommended as showing the comparative 

 attractiveness of the various species. 



Those plants that are particularly tempting to birds are 

 shown with three asterisks, while those with more than ordi- 

 nary attractiveness are shown by one or two asterisks, in the 



