74 CHARLES ANTHONY GOESSMANN 



(d) Different rations appear to be without effect on 

 the chemical character of the milk, this being governed 

 by the constitutional characteristics of the animal. 



(e) Milk is produced cheaper on corn stover and on 

 silage than when hay constitutes the total roughage. 



It must be remembered that Goessmann was quite 

 without practical experience in animal nutrition when 

 he began these experiments, and in the light of our 

 present knowledge and experience his methods of ex- 

 periment would be considered crude. He was a pioneer, 

 however, and in spite of the methods followed, the 

 above conclusions hold substantially true at the pres- 

 ent time. 



A second series (1887-1892), comparing on the basis 

 of organic matter, green corn, green vetch and oats, 

 peas and oats, cow-peas, soy beans, and serradella with 

 English hay, led him to conclude that 'the nutritive 

 effect was very. satisfactory, for the animals without 

 exception maintained then* original weight; the yield 

 of rnillc was in every instance somewhat raised, and 

 the quality of the milk was equal to the best as far as 

 one and the same animal was concerned.' 



A third series with milch cows (1889-1892) was con- 

 ducted to study the comparative nutritive values of 

 such concentrates as new and old process linseed meals, 

 cottonseed meal, Chicago gluten meal, maize feed, 

 wheat bran, and corn meal. His conclusion was that 

 the feeding value of the five first-named feeds did not 

 vary greatly one from the other, but that the cost of 

 producing a definite amount of milk depended to an 

 extent upon the cost of these by-products, and particu- 



