THE HORSE. 23 



United States of North America, and the breed more 

 similar to the English, in form and activity, thouoh 

 perhaps generally smaller, and many of their hacks 

 are amblers, or running; trotters. 



Returning to the English stud, and describing it 

 as intended to be complete at all points, the necessity 

 might be presumed of an adjoining farm, sufficient in 

 extent to produce the requisite quantities of corn, 

 straw, hay, artificial grasses, and roots. At any rate, 

 the stud should be joined by land enough, on which 

 might be cultivated the needful quantities of lucerne 

 for soiling ; and, should the soil be sufficiently deep, 

 of carrots ; an indispensable article in this concern, 

 for autumnal and early spring use. Our chief breed- 

 ing establishments of first sized heavy dray and cart 

 horses, chiefly for the metropolitan market, are found 

 in rich and deep grassy soils ; since the same full bite 

 is required for these, to rear them up to their utmost 

 size and bulk, as is indispensable for the same pur- 

 pose, in the large varieties of horned cattle and 

 sheep. 



The phraseology of the stud, as regards the 

 animals, runs thus — stallion, sire, brood-mare, 



DAM, FOAL, COLT, FILLY, FULL BROTHER, BRO- 

 THER in blood. This last term indicates an identity 

 of blood on both sides, but not of individual sire and 

 dam. The young stock retain the names of colt 

 or filly, until nearly approaching their fifth year, 

 when they assume the appellation of horse, gelding, 

 or mare. The novel dandy term, entire horse, has 

 been noted ; we have lately observed in print the 

 term female brought into stabular use. 



