AND HOW TO KEEP '.T SOUND. 61 



This description applies to each of the long wires, as does 

 the followino: to the short ones. 



k. Shows one of the short wires commencing with a turn round 

 the centre band of wire, and descending to the lower rim, 

 through which it passes to be riveted on the inner side. 



m. Portions of the head-stall, with the mode of fastening them to 

 the muzzle. 



nn. A pad to protect the horse's nose from the rim of the muzzle. 

 It should be hollowed in the centre so as to prevent the 

 weight resting entirely upon the bone. 



It has been suggested to me that a similar pad at the back p&rt, 

 to protect the jaw-bone, would be an improvement. 



The frame-work should be formed of flat iron, three- 

 eighths of an inch wide, and one-sixteenth of an inch thick ; 

 and the wire — ^tinned iron of the size known as No. 11. 



