192 HORSE-SHOES AND HORSE-SHOEIXG. 



Klemm' remarks : ' The horse must have been equally 

 valuable to the war-loving German as the intelligent and 

 trusty hound was to the huntsman. The German horse- 

 men were respected by the Romans. They displayed 

 great affection for their steeds and had them under 

 excellent control, although Tacitus does not praise the 

 horses for either their beauty or speed. The Germans 

 had saddles and horse-shoes ; the latter are often found in 

 the soil of the fatherland. They indicate a small race of 

 horses then in existence. The horse-bones dug up by 

 Dr Warner were also small.' 



ArnkieV speaking of the supposed horse-shoe found 

 in Childeric's grave, notices that the most ancient shoes 

 discovered ' are small and thin, very much oxydized, and 

 have neither toe-pieces {griff') nor toe-clips, but small 

 calkins at the heel, and the nail-holes are near the centre 

 of the shoe.' 



Ludwig Lindenschmidt,^ who has so ably, and almost 

 exhaustively, explored the ancient grave-mounds of Sig- 

 maringen and its vicinity, is puzzled at the presence of 

 single horse-shoes in graves, without the bones of horses, 

 spurs, or equipment. ' They form one of the unsolved 

 mysteries of the graves, and are in no way accounted for 



' Handbuch der Germanischen Alterthumskunde, p. 133. Dres- 

 den, 1836. 



* Cinib. Heidenrcl. p. 164. 



I much regret that I have been unable to refer to a paper by S. D. 

 Schmidt on what were called Swedish horse-shoes : ' Ueber Sogenannte 

 Schwedenhufeisen, niit Nachtr. v. Prof. Renner,' in Jena Variscia, 

 iii. 61. 



^ Die Vaterliindischen Alterthiimer der Fiirstlich Hohenzoller'schen 

 Sammlungen zu Sigmaringcn. Mainz, i860. 



