PREVALENCE OF HIPPOSANDALS. 301 



So early as 1758, one of the first class was found at 

 Culm, near Avenches, Switzerland ; ' but in this century 

 they have been largely dug u}3 over a comparatively wide 

 expanse of territory. They have been discovered in the 

 departments of the Sarthe and Moselle; in 1853 ^^ 

 Arques, in the Roman establishment of Archelles ; at 

 Caudebec-les-Elbeuf (the ancient Uggate) ; at Riviere- 

 Thibonville (Eure) ; at Vieux, near Caen (the ancient 

 Argaegenus) ; at Vieil-Evreux (the ancient Mediolanum) ; 

 at Chatelet, Dijon, Autun, Troyes, Montbeliard, Man- 

 deure, and Seine-Inferieure. They have likewise been 

 found in the Prankish cemeteries of Lorraine and Cham- 

 pagne ; and in 1862, at the demolition of the ancient 

 bridge of Reignac (Indre) a number of them were 

 recovered, with a sword-blade, and coins of Adrian and 

 Antoninus. In 1854, two more were extracted from the 

 Roman road between Langres and Rheims ; these are 

 now in the Chalons Museum. Another was picked up at 

 Chateau de Beauregard (Hautes-Pyrenees) in 1856, and 

 was presented to the Cluny Museum by M. Fould ; and 

 M. Widranges procured some from excavations at Re- 

 mennecourt. Metz, Strasbourg, and Stuttgart have also 

 furnished specimens. In Switzerland they have been 

 found at Granges, Canton de Vaud. In Germany, at 

 Schwarzacht, near Echternach, and particularly in the 

 Roman camp at Dalheim. In England, at Stony Strat- 

 ford ; Spring-Head, in Kent ; and in London. 



As remarked, these articles are nearly always dis- 

 covered on the sites of Roman buildings, contiguous to 

 Roman stations, or with Roman reliquo'. Not unfre- 



' Schmidt. Recueil d' A ntiq. trouve a Avenches, Culon, etc. Berlin, 



1780. 



