323 



CHAPTER VIII. 



PROBABLE DATE OF THE INVENTION OF SHOEING. EMPLOYMENT OF 

 METALS BY EARLY PEOPLES. THE ' IRON AGE.' ANCIENT IRON 

 MINES. ANTiaUITY OF IRON WEAPONS. VALUE OF LEGENDS. WAY- 

 LAND SMITH AND HIS CRAFT. TRADITIONS. CROMLECHS. WAYLAND 

 smith's cave. the armourer and farrier OF THE CELTS 

 AND GAULS. WAYLAND's RENOWN. MORTE d'aRTHUR. SMITHS, 

 THEIR POSITION AND TRADITIONS. DRUID SMITHS. ST COLUMBUS 

 AND CELTIC PRIESTS. SMITH-CRAFT AMONG THE ANGLO-SAXONS. 

 DOMES-DAY BOOK. MONKISH SMITH. ST DUNSTAN AND THE 



EVIL ONE. ST ELOY AND HIGHWORTH CHURCH. ZURICH. 



ABYSSINIA. ARABIA. PERSIA. JAVA. ACADIE. MYSTERIES OF 

 SAMOTHRACE AND DRUIDISM. FIRST OF NOVEMBER. REASONS 

 FOR ROMAN IGNORANCE OF SHOEING. THE CALEDONIAN WALL. 

 * HORSE-SHOE ' MEDAL. CHANGE IN DESIGNATION OF THE FARRIER. 

 EARLY MARESCHALS AND THEIR RANK. AGE OF CHIVALRY. 



APPRENTICESHIP OF A CHEVALIER. ARCHBISHOP HUGHES OF 



BESAN90N. RIGHTS OF THE MARECHAL. NORMANS IN FRANCE. 

 ORIGIN OF MARSHALL AND FARRIER. FLETA. THE LONDON 



MARESCALLIS. SEAL OF RALPH. THE MARSHALL FARRIER. SUPER- 

 STITIONS CONCERNING HORSE-SHOES IN VARIOUS COUNTRIES. 

 GERMAN LEGENDS. MOONWORT. 



From the preceding inquiry, we are led to conclude 

 that the Celts, or Gallo-Celts, were the people who most 

 anciently employed nailed iron-shoes for their horses' 

 feet ; but we are yet left to determine the probable date 

 of this invention — an investigation surrounded with many 

 difficulties. 



