398 HORSE-SHOES AND HORSE-SHOEING. 



proach to any large town or castle, inquiring if that were 

 Jerusalem.' ' 



This allusion is curious, inasmuch as it informs us 

 that oxen were sJiod., and, as if something very remarkable, 

 like horses. It is well known that oxen cannot travel far 

 with the continuous oval-shaped horse-shoe; the arma- 

 ture for the foot must be in two portions, one for the 

 outer margin of each claw. Guibert, however, may only 

 have referred to the manner of nailing on an iron plate 

 on cloven hoofs, as very unusual. 



It is not until the 13th century that we find any 

 positive record of special buildings for shoeing, and also for 

 treating horses medically. In 1202 there are two entries 

 for shoeing in a booth : ' Pro Travillis et pro circulis et 

 pro vectura duorum ferratorum Ix. s.' ' Pro merreno ad 

 tres Travallos ferratorum et uno ferrati et pro duvis 

 xliii. s.' ^ In a charter for about the year 1302, a place 

 of this kind is also notified as a ' Travaillium.' ' In which 

 street was placed a certain travaillium (workshop, from the 

 French travail), for the use of the smith to shoe horses 

 in, which was and had been called a travaillium, and was 

 placed and allowed to be retained there by our command. '^ 

 And in England, in 1235, during the reign of Henry III., 



' Novigent. Opera, Lib. ii. cap. 6. 



" Du Cange. D. Brussel, vol. ii. De Usu Feud., pp. 142, 155. 



^ Ibid. Tabul. Carnot. Trabs also adduces Borellus' testimony 

 for the year 1267, as follows : ' Inquesta facta . . . ad sciendum utruni 

 .... spectat ad dom. Regem. Travail a equorum et stalla terrae delixa, 

 quae sustinentur super columnas solo adherentes, quae cheminis et viis 

 praestant impedimentum, propter hoc tollere. Probata est haec con- 

 suetudo, videlicet quod potest tollere stalla aut scalla et Travalla terrae 

 noviter defixa, praestantia viis impedimentum.' 



