CMSAR FIASCHVS TREATISE. 447 



broken and worn ; but it is advantageous that it should 

 project a little beyond the foot from the quarters back, 

 so as to preserve the horn there ; and behind the foot it 

 should not be short, but exact and equal to the extremity 

 of the heel, for if it surpass the heel the horse will likely 

 forge (click or strike) with the hind feet ; and if too short, 

 if the heels are weak and tender, the animal may suffer 

 pain and injury. In the next chapter, the same observa- 

 tions are made with regard to the hind-feet. In the 

 eleventh chapter we have the mode of adjusting the shoe 

 to the hoof. ' The shoe should be so fitted that the foot 

 may suffer in no way through the carelessness of the 

 farrier — that is to say, the hot shoe should only be applied 

 to the hoof for as long a period as may be necessary to 

 fit it well.' 



The nails are described in the following chapter, 

 '^The nails ought to be large, moderately long, and 

 neither flattened, hammered, or otherwise hardened. 

 With ordinary horses eight or nine is the usual num- 

 ber ; and with coursers or " Prisons," ten, and sometimes 

 more. I do not wish to deny that with some hoofs six 

 or seven nails are sufficient, but there are few of these. 

 When the number is odd, the majority of the nails 

 should go to the outside of the foot, which is the least 

 sensitive.' 



Chapter XIII. speaks of the hordure or pancette, 

 sometimes added to the shoe, and which was nothing but 

 a very wide sole. The other chapters up to the twenty- 

 second, are devoted to the characters of various kinds of 

 hoofs, and how to arm them. This chapter mentions the 

 shoes necessary for young horses which, having been 



