34 



THE AMERICAN BEE-KEEPER 



February 



foul brood or other infectious or con- 

 tagious disease exists in any of the 

 hives in the apiaries owned or in 

 charge of said persons, and shall fail 

 to comply within ten days from re- 

 ceiving said knoAvledge and the date 

 of receiving instructions from the 

 county inspector, to cure or destroy 

 the bees or hives, or their appliances, 

 such person shall be guilty of a mis- 

 demeanor, and upon conviction thereof, 

 such person shall be fined not less than 

 ten dollars, nor more than twenty-five 

 dollars. 



Section 10. When the owner or pos- 

 sessor of bees, shall disobey the direc- 

 tions of said bee inspector, in curing or 

 destroying any diseased bee, honey, 

 hives or appliances shall become un- 

 lawful and a public nuisance, and the 

 said bee inspector shall at once de- 

 sti-oy said bees, honey, hives or appli- 

 ances, and may deputize such addition- 

 al persons as he may find uecessaiy 

 to effect said destruction. 



Section 11. The county inspector 

 shall make a monthly report in writ- 

 ing, under oath, to the board of county 

 commissioners, in which report he 

 shall state the number of days and 

 number of hours in the preceding 

 month spent by him in the actual dis- 

 charge of his duties, and shall in said 

 report state the name of the owner 

 or keeper, and the location of the api- 

 ary upon which such time was spent 

 in curing or destroying said bees, to- 

 gether with an itemized account, shoAV- 

 ing the dates and amounts, for what 

 incurred, money spent for any dis- 

 charge of his duties, and to whom 

 the same was paid, and for what ser- 

 vices and considerations such indebt- 

 edness was incurred, and accompany 

 said report with the aflfidavits given 

 him under and in pursuance of Section 

 3 of this act, and make full and com- 

 plete report of all he did, and results 

 of his treatment of any apiary. 



Section 12. After the county inspec- 

 tor of bees in any county shall make 

 report, as provided in the preceding 

 section, said county commissioners 

 shall allow and pay to said county in- 

 spector of bees two dollars for a full 

 day and one dollar for each half day, 

 necessarily and actually employed in 

 the discharge of his duties under this 

 act, together with his necessary and 

 actual expenses while so employed, to 



be audited, allowed and paid by the 

 county officers. 



Section 13. This act shall take effect 

 and be in force from and after its pas- 

 sage. 



^ * »■ 



THE DICKEL THEORY. 



By Henry E. Horn. 



ON PAGE 272, December number 

 American Bee-Keeper, Mr. Adri- 

 an Getaz reports Mr.Arnt Belief, 

 of Spain, as insisting that the Dickel 

 theory is false, on the ground that, if 

 correct, "laying workers and virgin 

 queens should produce workers like 

 regular queens." Mr. Getaz adds, initi- 

 ating the readers into Dickel's claims, 

 that the latter's theory po-stulates that 

 "all eggs laid by the queen are the 

 same, and that the difference of sex is 

 due to manipulation (?) of the work- 

 ers." 



Mr. Getaz" statement of Dickel's the- 

 ory is not incorrect, but insufficient, 

 and, read in connection with Mr. Bel- 

 let's objections, misleading. 



Ferd Dickel. of Darmstadt, teaches 

 that all eggs laid by a normal, fertil- 

 ized queen are fecundated eggs, that 

 they become impregnated by the male 

 spermatozoa at the moment they pass 

 down through the oviduct into the cell 

 — all alike, without exception, and that 

 the difference of sex in the later on 

 hatching insect is due to the actions 

 of the nurse bees;, be it, that the only 

 just attached sperm-fibre of the egg 

 is either removed altogether or neutral- 

 ized by some particular gland secretion 

 of the nurses, or be it, that the quality 

 and quantity of food given to the lar- 

 vae in earliest stages determines the 

 change. Certain it is that sex-differen- 

 tiation rests with them. 



In contradiction, Dr. Dzierzon, who, 

 as is so well known, holds that the 

 queen immediately before depositing 

 the egg determines at will whether it 

 shall hatch worker or drone. F. Dickel 

 furnishes the following proof-data to 

 the bee-keeper: During the ^summer 

 supply yourself with a full set of 

 ■drone-comb. In the early fall shake 

 or brush your selected colony, queen 

 and all, into this drone-comb hive, af- 

 terwards feed up for winter, any way 

 suitable. In the spring after brood 

 raising has well started (bees will read- 

 ily raise workers in these drone-combs) 



